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a)Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2=x+y+2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\cdot2\sqrt{xy}}=VP\)
Xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
b)\(BDT\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+t\ge4\sqrt[4]{xyzt}\)
Đúng với AM-GM 4 số
Xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=t\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số không âm , ta có:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
b) Xét hiệu:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}-2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\ge2\)
a) a + b ≥ 2\(\sqrt{ab}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0 )
⇔ a - 2\(\sqrt{ab}\) + b ≥ 0
⇔ \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\) ≥ 0 ( luôn đúng )
b) Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si :
x2 + y2 ≥ 2xy ( x > 0 ; y > 0)
⇒ a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\) ≥ 2
⇔\(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{a}\) ≥ 2
Bạn tham khảo lời giải tại đây:
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/voi-0-xy-dfrac12-chung-minhdfracsqrtxy1dfracsqrtyx1-dfrac2sqrt23.461470553384
Lời giải:
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)\geq 2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{2ab+1}-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{2ab}{ab(\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq \sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2ab+1}+1\leq \sqrt{2}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\leq \frac{1}{2}\leftrightarrow 2ab\leq 1\Leftrightarrow 2ab\leq a^2+b^2\) (luôn đúng theo AM-GM)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Lời giải:
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)\geq 2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{a+b-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{\sqrt{2ab+1}-1}{ab}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{2ab}{ab(\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq 2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{2ab+1}+1}\geq \sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2ab+1}+1\leq \sqrt{2}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\leq \frac{1}{2}\leftrightarrow 2ab\leq 1\Leftrightarrow 2ab\leq a^2+b^2\) (luôn đúng theo AM-GM)
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
\(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+b^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-b^3a\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
ta thấy : \(\orbr{\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\end{cases}}}\Leftrightarrow dpcm\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi a = b
tk nka !!!! mk cố giải mấy bài nữa !11
2.
Từ giả thiết, ta có :
\(\frac{1}{1+a}\ge1-\frac{1}{1+b}+1-\frac{1}{1+c}+1-\frac{1}{1+d}\)
\(=\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}+\frac{d}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b.c.d}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
Tương tự, ta cũng có :
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c.d.a}{\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)\left(1+a\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Nhân vế theo vế 4 BĐT vừa chững minh rồi rút gọn ta được :
\(abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\left(đpcm\right)\)
2) Từ \(\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+c}+\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3.\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}\ge\left(1-\frac{1}{1+b}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+c}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+d}\right)\)
\(=\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}+\frac{d}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{bcd}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}.\)(BĐT AM-GM)
Tương tự :
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{acd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+d\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}.\)
Từ đó suy ra:
\(\frac{1}{1+a}.\frac{1}{1+b}.\frac{1}{1+c}.\frac{1}{1+d}\ge3.3.3.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(abcd\right)^3}{\left[\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)\right]^3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}\ge\frac{81abcd}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\left(1+d\right)}.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow81abcd\le1\Leftrightarrow abcd\le\frac{1}{81}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d=\frac{1}{3}.\)
3)Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^8=\left[\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^2\right]^4=\left(a+b+2\sqrt{ab}\right)^4.\)(1)
Với \(a,b\ge0\),áp dụng BĐT AM-GM cho (a+b) và (\(2\sqrt{ab}\)) ta được
\(\left(a+b\right)+2\sqrt{ab}\ge2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)2\sqrt{ab}}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra:
\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^8\ge\left(2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)2\sqrt{ab}}\right)^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)^8\ge64ab\left(a+b\right)^2.\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(a+b=2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
1) Với \(x\le\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow2-3x\ge0\)
Khi đó ,áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 2 số ta được:
\(\left(2-3x\right)+\frac{9}{2-3x}\ge2\sqrt{\left(2-3x\right)\frac{9}{2-3x}}=2.3=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2+\left(2-3x\right)+\frac{9}{2-3x}\ge2+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4-3x+\frac{9}{2-3x}\ge8\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(2-3x=\frac{9}{2-3x}\Leftrightarrow\left(2-3x\right)^2=9\Leftrightarrow2-3x=3\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{3}\)( vì 2-3x>0)
\(M=\dfrac{yz\sqrt{x-1}+xz\sqrt{y-2}+xy\sqrt{z-3}}{xyz}\)
\(=\dfrac{yz\sqrt{x-1}}{xyz}+\dfrac{xz\sqrt{y-2}}{xyz}+\dfrac{xy\sqrt{z-3}}{xyz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-1}\le\dfrac{1+x-1}{2}=\dfrac{x}{2}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x-1}}{x}\le\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{y-2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2\left(y-2\right)}}{\sqrt{2}}\le\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{2}}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2}}{y}\le\dfrac{y}{2\sqrt{2}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\sqrt{z-3}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3\left(z-3\right)}}{\sqrt{3}}\le\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{3}}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{z-3}}{z}\le\dfrac{z}{2\sqrt{3}}\cdot\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{3}}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(M\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\) (ĐPCM)
Đk: \(-1< x< 1\)
Ta có \(2\sqrt{2022\left(1-x^2\right)}\le2023-x^2\)
Nếu \(0\le x< 1\) thì \(x\left(x+2021\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2021x\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2023-x^2\le2021x+2023\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(2\sqrt{2022\left(1-x^2\right)}\le2023-x^2\le2021x+2023\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2022}\le\dfrac{2021x+2023}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2022=1-x^2\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\), vô lý.
Vậy nếu \(0\le x< 1\) thì BĐT đúng.
Xét \(-1< x< 0\) thì đặt \(x=-t\left(0< t< 1\right)\).
BĐT cần chứng minh \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2023-2021t}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}\ge2\sqrt{2022}\)
Ta có \(2023-2021t\)
\(=2022-2022t+1+t\)
\(=2022\left(1-t\right)+\left(1+t\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{2022\left(1-t\right)\left(1+t\right)}\)
\(=2\sqrt{2022\left(1-t^2\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2023-2021t}{\sqrt{1-t^2}}\ge2\sqrt{2022}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow2022-2022t=1+t\) \(\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{2021}{2023}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2021}{2023}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm. Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{2021}{2023}\)
Trường hợp \(x\) = - \(\dfrac{2020}{2021}\) thì sao em nhỉ?