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nZn = 6,5 : 65 = 0,1 mol
nO2 = 8,96 : 22,4 = 0,4 mol
a) 2Zn + O2 → 2ZnO
b) Ta có \(\dfrac{nZn}{2}\)< \(\dfrac{nO_2}{1}\)=> Zn phản ứng hết, oxi dư
nO2 phản ứng = nZn/2 = 0,05 mol
=> nO2 dư = 0.4 - 0,05 = 0,35 mol
<=> mO2 dư = 0,35.32 = 11,2 gam , VO2 dư = 0,35.22,4 = 7,84 lít
c) nZnO = nZn = 0,1 mol
=> mZnO = 0,1. 81 = 8,1 gam
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3(mol);n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6(mol)\\ a,PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,3}{2}>\dfrac{0,6}{6}\Rightarrow Al\text { dư}\\ n_{Al(dư)}=0,3-\dfrac{0,6}{3}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al(dư)}=0,1.27=2,7(g)\\ c,n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2(mol)\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7(g)\\ d,V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72(l)\)
\(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{19,6\%.200}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\a, ZnO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2O\\ b,Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{1}\\ \Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=98.0,3=29,4\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{ZnSO_4}=0,1.161=16,1\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{ZnO}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=8,1+200=208,1\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{ddH_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{29,4}{208,1}.100\approx14,128\%\\ C\%_{ddZnSO_4}=\dfrac{16,1}{208,1}.100\approx7,737\%\)
ZnO+H2SO4->ZnSO4+H2O
0,1-----0,1-------0,1-------0,1 mol
n ZnO=\(\dfrac{8,1}{81}\)=0,1 mol
m H2SO4 =39,2g =>n H2SO4=\(\dfrac{39,2}{98}\)=0,4 mol
=>H2SO4 , dư 0,3 mol
=>m H2SO4=0,3.98=29,4g
=>C%H2SO4 dư=\(\dfrac{29,4}{200+0,1.18}\).100=14,568%
=>C% ZnSO4=\(\dfrac{0,1.161}{200+0,1.18}.100=7,9781\%\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{3}{14}\)---------------------->\(\dfrac{3}{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{14}.22,4=4,8\left(l\right)\)
b) \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(ZnO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Zn+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(0,1< \dfrac{3}{14}\Rightarrow H_2\) dư
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(\dfrac{3}{14}mol\) \(\dfrac{3}{14}mol\)
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{12}{56}\approx0,21=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=\dfrac{3}{14}.22,4=4,8\left(l\right)\)
\(b)n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(ZnO+H_2\rightarrow Zn+H_2O\)
\(1mol\) \(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(0,1mol\) \(0,1mol\) \(0,1mol\)
\(\text{Ta thấy }H_2\text{ dư,ZnO phản ứng hết.Bài toán tính theo ZnO}\)
\(m_{Zn}=n.M=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,5}{2}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow Zn.hết,HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-2.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
a. \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
0,2 0,1 0,2
Xét tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => Mg đủ , O2 dư
\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,1\right).32=6,4\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{MgO}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
Bạn xem lại đề nhé !!!
PTHH: 2Zn +O2→2ZnO
+nZnO=\(\dfrac{8,1}{81}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
-Theo PTHH ta có:
+nO2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)nZnO=0,05(mol)
+nZn=\(\dfrac{8,1}{65}\approx0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Biện luận: \(\dfrac{0,12}{2}>\dfrac{0,05}{1}\)⇒Zn dư , O2 phản ứng hết
+nZn dư là: 0,12-0,05 ≈ 0,07(mol)
+mZn dư là: 0,07.65 ≈ 4,65(gam)