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Bài 1:
$A=2x^2+y^2-2xy+x+2=(x^2+y^2-2xy)+(x^2+x+\frac{1}{4})+\frac{7}{4}$
$=(x-y)^2+(x+\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{7}{4}$
Vì $(x-y)^2\geq 0; (x+\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x,y$
$\Rightarrow A\geq 0+0+\frac{7}{4}=\frac{7}{4}$
Vậy $A_{\min}=\frac{7}{4}$. Giá trị này đạt được khi $x-y=x+\frac{1}{2}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=y=\frac{-1}{2}$
Bài 2:
$B=x^2+9y^2+4z^2-2x+12y-4z+20$
$=(x^2-2x+1)+(9y^2+12y+4)+(4z^2-4z+1)+14$
$=(x-1)^2+(3y+2)^2+(2z-1)^2+14$
Vì $(x-1)^2\geq 0; (3y+2)^2\geq 0; (2z-1)^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x,y,z$
$\Rightarrow B\geq 0+0+0+14=14$
Vậy $B_{\min}=14$. Giá trị này đạt được khi $x-1=3y+2=2z-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1; y=\frac{-2}{3}; z=\frac{1}{2}$
Ta có:
\(x^2-2xy+y^2-4z^2=\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-y+z\right)\)
\(x^2-2xy+2y^2+5z^2+4yz-4z+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2+y^2+4yz+4z^2+z^2-4z+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y+2z\right)^2+\left(z-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y+2z=0\\z-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-4\\y=-4\\z=2\end{cases}}\)
Ta có: x2 - 2xy - 4z2 + y2
= (x2 - 2xy + y2) - (2z)2
= (x - y)2 - (2z)2
=(x - y - 2z)(x- y +2z) (*)
Thay x= 6; y= -4; z=45 vào biểu thức (*), ta đc:
(6 + 4 - 2.45)(6 + 4 +2.45)
= -80.100
=-8000
Vậy...
a) x2+y2-4x+4y+8=0
⇔ (x-2)2+(y+2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)5x2-4xy+y2=0
⇔ x2+(2x-y)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\2x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
c)x2+2y2+z2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0
⇔ (x-y)2+(y-1)2+(z-2)2=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-1=0\\z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y=1\\z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: Ta có: \(5x^2-4xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\dfrac{4}{5}xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}y+\dfrac{4}{25}y^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{2}{5}y\right)^2+\dfrac{21}{25}y^2=0\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,Sửa:x^2-xy-13x+13y=x\left(x-y\right)-13\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-13\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ b,=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(2z\right)^2=\left(x+y-2z\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)\\ c,=\left(x^2-2x\right)-\left(3x-6\right)=x\left(x-2\right)-3\left(x-2\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
Ta có: \(x^2-2xy-4z^2+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-4z^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2=\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
\(=\left[6-\left(-4\right)-2\cdot45\right]\left[6-\left(-4\right)+2\cdot45\right]=-80\cdot100=-8000\)
Bài 1:
\(a,=\left(156-56\right)^2=100^2=10000\\ b,=\left(x-y\right)^2-4z^2=\left(x-y-2z\right)\left(x-y+2z\right)\)
Bài 2:
\(a,=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-5\right)\\ b,=x^2+2x-6x-12=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-6\right)\\ c,=3\left(x^2-2xy-16+y^2\right)=3\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-16\right]\\ =3\left(x-y-4\right)\left(x-y+4\right)\)
a) x2 - y2 + 4x + 4
= ( x2 + 4x + 4 ) - y2
= ( x + 2 )2 - y2
= ( x + 2 - y )( x + 2 + y )
b) x2 - 2xy + y2 - 1
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 1
= ( x - y )2 - 12
= ( x - y - 1 )( x - y + 1 )
c) x2 - 2xy + y2 - 4
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 4
= ( x - y )2 - 22
= ( x - y - 2 )( x - y + 2 )
d) x2 - 2xy + y2 - z2
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - z2
= ( x - y )2 - z2
= ( x - y - z )( x - y + z )
e) 25 - x2 + 4xy - 4y2
= 25 - ( x2 - 4xy + 4y2 )
= 52 - ( x - 2y )2
= ( 5 - x + 2y )( 5 + x - 2y )
f) x2 + y2 - 2xy - 4z2
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - 4z2
= ( x - y )2 - ( 2z )2
= ( x - y - 2z )( x - y + 2z )