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\(\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}=\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2+1}\ge1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}=a\Rightarrow a\ge1\)
\(M=2\left(x^2-4x+5\right)+\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}-4\)
\(M=2a^2+a-4=2a^2+3a-2a-3-1\)
\(M=a\left(2a+3\right)-\left(2a+3\right)-1\)
\(M=\left(a-1\right)\left(2a+3\right)-1\)
Do \(a\ge1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-1\ge0\\2a+3>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(2a+3\right)\ge0\Rightarrow M\ge-1\)
\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=-1\) khi \(a=1\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(A=x-2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)+\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)^2+\left(3y+1-\left(\sqrt{y}+1\right)^2\right)\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-1\right)^2+2\left(y-\sqrt{y}+\frac{1}{4}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}-1\right)^2+2\left(\sqrt{y}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-\frac{1}{2}\ge-\frac{1}{2}\)
Amin= -1/2 khi y=1/4; x=9/4
\(C=5x^2-7x+4\\ =5\left(x^2-\frac{7}{5}x\right)+4\\ =5\left(x^2-2\cdot x\cdot\frac{7}{10}+\left(\frac{7}{10}\right)^2\right)+\frac{31}{20}\\ =\left(x-\frac{7}{10}\right)^2+\frac{31}{10}\ge\frac{31}{10}\forall x\)
Vậy Min C = \(\frac{31}{10}\)khi \(x=\frac{7}{10}\)
\(D=x^2+y^2-2x-4y-6\\ =\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-11\\ =\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-11\)
Ta thấy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-11\ge-11\forall x,y\)
Vậy min D = -11 khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(C=5x^2-7x+4\\ =5x^2-7x+\frac{49}{20}+\frac{31}{20}\\ =\left(x\sqrt{5}-\frac{7\sqrt{5}}{10}\right)^2+\frac{31}{20}\ge\frac{31}{20}\left(\forall x\in R\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x\sqrt{5}-\frac{7\sqrt{5}}{10}=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(x-\frac{7}{10}\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{7}{10}\)
\(D=x^2+y^2-2x-4y-6=0\\ =x^2-2x+1+y^2-4y+4-11\\ =\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-11\ge-11\left(\forall x,y\in R\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(minC=\frac{31}{20}\), đạt được khi \(x=\frac{7}{10}\); và \(minD=-11\), đạt được khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Chúc bạn học tốt nha.
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=a>0\\y-1=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\frac{\left(a+1\right)^2}{b}+\frac{\left(b+1\right)^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+2\right)^2}{a+b}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2+4\left(a+b\right)+4}{a+b}\)
\(P\ge a+b+\frac{4}{a+b}+4\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}}+4=8\)
\(P_{min}=8\) khi \(a=b=1\) hay \(x=y=2\)
Bài 2:
a: \(A=2\sqrt{7}-1+\left(\sqrt{7}+4\right)\)
\(=2\sqrt{7}-1+\sqrt{7}+4=3\sqrt{7}+3\)
b: \(B=\sqrt{x-1+2\sqrt{x-1}+1}+\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}\)
\(=\sqrt{x-1}+1+1-\sqrt{x-1}=2\)