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Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};...;\dfrac{1}{n^2}=\dfrac{1}{n.n}< \dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
Do đó \(a< 1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}=1+\left(\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\)
\(=1+1-\dfrac{1}{n}=1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 2\) . Suy ra \(1< a< 2\)
Vậy \(a\) khôg phải số tự nhiên
Ta có: `1 < 1 + 1/2^2 + ... + 1/n^2`
`1/(2.2) < 1/(1.2)`
`1/(3.3) < 1/(2.3)`
`...`
`1/(n^2) < 1/(n-1(n))`
`=> 1/2^2 + ... + 1/n^2 < 1/(1.2) + ... + 1/(n-1(n)) = 1/1 - 1/n < 1`.
`=> a < 1 + 1 = 2`.
`=> 1 < a < 2`.
`=>` Đây không là số tự nhiên.
Lời giải:
a) \(A=\left(\frac{1}{2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{n-1}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{n}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1-2}{2}.\frac{1-3}{3}.\frac{1-4}{4}...\frac{-(n-2)}{n-1}.\frac{-(n-1)}{n}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)(-2)(-3)...[-(n-2)][-(n-1)]}{2.3.4...(n-1)n}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)^{n-1}(1.2.3....(n-2)(n-1))}{2.3.4...(n-1)n}=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{1}{n}\)
b) \(B=\left(\frac{1}{2^2}-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{3^2}-1\right)...\left(\frac{1}{n^2}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1-2^2}{2^2}.\frac{1-3^2}{3^2}.....\frac{1-n^2}{n^2}\)
\(=\frac{(-1)(2^2-1)}{2^2}.\frac{(-1)(3^2-1)}{3^2}....\frac{(-1)(n^2-1)}{n^2}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{(2^2-1)(3^2-1)...(n^2-1)}{2^2.3^2....n^2}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{(2-1)(2+1)(3-1)(3+1)...(n-1)(n+1)}{2^2.3^2....n^2}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{(2-1)(3-1)...(n-1)}{2.3...n}.\frac{(2+1)(3+1)...(n+1)}{2.3...n}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{1.2.3...(n-1)}{2.3...n}.\frac{3.4...(n+1)}{2.3.4...n}\)
\(=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{1}{n}.\frac{n+1}{2}=(-1)^{n-1}.\frac{n+1}{2n}\)
ćx
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{ab}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{ac}{b\left(b+c\right)};\dfrac{a+c}{b+c}=\dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{ab}{b\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{bc}{b\left(b+c\right)}\)
Theo đề bài \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\) suy ra \(a< b\) nên \(ac< bc\). Do đó \(\dfrac{ac}{b\left(b+c\right)}< \dfrac{bc}{b\left(b+c\right)}\)
Suy ra \(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)