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\(\Sigma\frac{x^3}{y^2}=\Sigma\frac{x}{y^2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{\Sigma z\left(x^3-yz^2\right)^2}{xyz\left(x+y+z\right)}+\Sigma\frac{x^2}{y}\ge\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x}{y}=a\\\frac{y}{z}=b\\\frac{z}{x}=c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow abc=1\)
\(P=\frac{2b}{c}+\frac{2c}{a}+\frac{2a}{b}-a-b-c-\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}\)
\(P=2ab^2+2bc^2+2a^2c-a-b-c-\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{c}\)
\(ab^2+a\ge2ab\Rightarrow ab^2\ge2ab-a\) ; \(ab^2+\frac{1}{a}\ge2b\Rightarrow ab^2\ge2b-\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab^2\ge2ab+2b-a-\frac{1}{a}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)+2\left(a+b+c\right)-2\left(a+b+c\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}{abc}-2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=0\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\) hay \(x=y=z\)
Đề bài sai, chiều đúng của BĐT phải là:
\(\frac{x^2}{y+2015z}+\frac{y^2}{z+2015x}+\frac{z^2}{x+2015y}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2016}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x};\sqrt{y};\sqrt{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\)
BĐT cần chứng minh: \(\frac{a+b}{c^2}+\frac{b+c}{a^2}+\frac{c+a}{b^2}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(VT=a\left(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)+c\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\)
Mà: \(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{c}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{b}\) ; \(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}\ge\frac{2}{c}\) ; \(\frac{c}{ab}+\frac{b}{ac}\ge\frac{2}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ac}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\) (đpcm)
+\(x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=3\)
+\(3+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le9\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{3+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}\ge\frac{1}{1+3}=\frac{1}{4}\)
+\(A=\frac{x^2}{y+2z}+\frac{y^2}{z+2x}+\frac{z^2}{x+2y}=\frac{x^4}{x^2y+2zx^2}+\frac{y^4}{y^2z+2xy^2}+\frac{z^4}{z^2x+2yz^2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{x^2y+y^2z+z^2x+2\left(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2\right)}\)
Áp dụng bđt Bunhiacopxki
\(x^2y+y^2z+z^2x=x.xy+y.yz+z.zx\le\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}.\sqrt{x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2}\)
\(\le\sqrt{x^2+y^2+z^2}.\sqrt{\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3}}=3\)
(áp dụng \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\))
Tương tự: \(xy^2+yz^2+zx^2\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\frac{3^2}{3+2.3}=1\)
\(VT=A+B\ge1+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{5}{4}=VP\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2}{y+z}+\frac{z^2}{z+x}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(x+y\right)-xy}{x+y}+\frac{y\left(y+z\right)-yz}{y+z}+\frac{z\left(z+x\right)-xz}{z+x}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z-\frac{xy}{x+y}-\frac{yz}{y+z}-\frac{xz}{z+x}\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\frac{xy}{x+y}+\frac{yz}{y+z}+\frac{zx}{z+x}\le\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow\frac{xy}{x+y}\le\frac{xy}{2\sqrt{xy}}=\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{2}\le\frac{x+y}{4}\)
tương tự rồi cộng vế với vế suy ra đpcm