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Polyester is now being used for bottles. ICI, the chemicals and plastics company, believes that it is now beginning to break the grip of glass on the bottle business and thus take advantage of this huge market.
All the plastics manufacturers have been experiencing hard times as their traditional products have been doing badly world-wide for the last few years. Between 1982 and 1984 the Plastics Division of ICI had lost a hundred and twenty million dollars, and they felt that the most hopeful new market was in packaging, bottles and cans.
Since 1982 it has opened three new factories’ producing “Melinar” , the raw material from which high quality polyester bottles are made.
The polyester bottle was born in the 1970s, when soft drinks companies : like Coca Cola started selling their drinks in grant two-litre containers. Because of the build-up of the pressure of gas in these large containers, glass was unsuitable. Nor was PVC, the plastic which had been used for bottles since the 1960s, suitable for drinks with gas in them. A new plastic had to be made.
Glass is still cheaper for the smaller bottles, and will continue to be so unless oil and plastic become much cheaper, but plastic does well for the larger sizes.
Polyester bottles are virtually unbreakable. The manufacturers claim they are also lighter, less noisy when being handled, and can be re-used. Shopkeepers and other business people are unlikely to object to a change from glass to polyester, since these bottles mean few breakages, which are costly and time-consuming.The public, though, have been more difficult to persuade. ICI’s commercial department is developing different bottles with interesting shapes, to try and make them visually more attractive to the public.
The next step could be to develop a plastic which could replace tins for food. The problem here is the high temperatures necessary for cooking the food in the container.
1.Plastics of various kinds have been used for making bottles
A. since 1982.
B. since the 1970s but only for large bottles.
C. since the 1960s but not for liquids with gas in them.
D. since companies like Coca Cola first tried them.
2. Why is ICI’s Plastics Division interested in polyester for bottles?
A. The other things they make are not selling well.
B. Glass manufacturers cannot make enough new bottles.
C. They have factories which could be adapted to make it.
D. The price of oil keeps changing.
3. Why aren’t all bottles now made of polyester? (Câu này mk hk chắc)
A. The price of oil and plastic has risen.
B. It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks.
C. The public like traditional glass bottles.
D. Shop keepers dislike re-usable bottles.
4. Manufacturers think polyester bottles are better than glass bottles because they
A. are cheaper.
B. are more suited to small sizes.
C. are more exciting to look at.
D. do not break easily.
5. Plastic containers for holding food in the same way as cans
A. have been used for many years.
B. are an idea that interests the plastics companies.
C. are possible, but only for hot food.
D. are the first things being made in the new factories.
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V. Fill in the space in each following sentence with a suitable phrasal verb or a connective in the box.
,, ,, , ,,, ,, ,
1. Remember to....turn off....the cassette player before going to bed.
2. Scientists have found a way to produce silicon in long sheets similar to the way plastic for plastic bag is made today.....therefore .., the cost of unit of solar energy will soon fall.
3. The bus was full. We couldn't............
4. It's her duty to collect plastic bags...and...put different kinds of waste in places different
5. Many cells must be used to create a reasonable amount of electriciy........however...., technology can be developed to make the cell more efficient.
t plastic bags..put different 4.
6. People should use more solar energy.....because.......it is cheap, clean and unlimited.
7. If you don't pay your electricity bill soon, you will be.......cut off.....
8. We are working in the same school.....moreover........, we are close friends.
9. Our parents..look after..us very carefully.
10. Scientists are trying to....look for.......other energies.
11. She was interested in studying French,....but....she wasn't good at French.
12. It's dark in here, pleas....turn on......the lights.
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I: Make a suggestion for the following cases:
1. People throw plastic bags everywhere
=> I suggest people shouldn't throw plastic bags everywhere.
2. She always turns on the lights when going to bed
=> I suggest she should turn off the light when going to bed.
3. There are many cracks in your pipe
=> I suggest you should check your pipe.
4. They use many ordinary 100 watt light bulb
=> I suggest they shouldn't use many ordinary 100 watt light bulb.
5. Tim has a bad toothache
=> I suggest Tim should go to the dentist.
6. People waste losts of gas and oil on cooking
=> I suggest people shouldn't waste lots of gas and oil on cooking.
7. She failed her final exam
=> I suggest she should study harder.
8. The area around the beach is full of trash
=> I suggest the area around the beach should be cleaned.
9. people use their own cars to go to work and make the traffic heavier
=> I suggest people should use public transports to go to work.
10. Today, more people catch fish by using dynamite
=> I suggest people shouldn't catch fish by using dynamite.
11. The students in this school throw plastic bags everywhere in the yard
=> I suggest the students in this school shouldn't throw plastic bags everywhere in the yard.
12. The goverment hasn't done anything to the pollution here
=> I suggest the goverment should have done something to the pollution here.
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THAM KHẢO
From the point of view of recycling, paper has two advantages over minerals and 0- (n) oil. In that firstly it comes from a resource which is 1- (adj) sustainable and secondly it is less threatening to our environment when we throw it away because it is 2- (adj) biodegradable. Although Australia’s record in the re-use of waste paper is good, it is still necessary to use a combination of recycled fibre and 3- (n) virgin fibre to make new paper. The paper industry has contributed positively and people have also been encouraged by 4- (n) government to collect their waste on a regular basis. One major difficulty is the removal of ink from used paper but 5- (n) advances are being made in this area. However, we need to learn to accept paper which is generally of a lower 6- (n) quality than before and to sort our waste paper by removing 7- (n) contaminants before discarding it for collection.