Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Ví dụ 5 :
n KOH = 0,02.0,35 = 0,007(mol)
n HCl = 0,08.0,1 = 0,008(mol)
$KOH + HCl \to KCl + H_2O$
n HCl pư = n KOH = 0,007(mol)
=> n HCl dư = 0,008 - 0,007 = 0,001(mol)
V dd = 0,02 + 0,08 = 0,1(mol)
=> [H+ ] = CM HCl dư = 0,001/0,1 = 0,01M
=> pH = -log(0,01) = 2
\(n_{HCl}=0.1\cdot0.03=0.003\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0.1\cdot0.01=0.001\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0.003}{1}>\dfrac{0.001}{1}\Rightarrow HCldư\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0.003-0.001=0.002\left(mol\right)\)
\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0.002}{0.1+0.1}=0.01\)
\(pH=-log\left(0.01\right)=2\)
\(b.\)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)
\(0.001..........0.002\)
\(V_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0.001}{1}=0.001\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1.0,01=0,001(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{OH^{-}}=0,001(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=0,03.0,2=0,006(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H^{+}}=0,006(mol)\\ H^{+}+OH^{-}\to H_2O\\ 0,001<0,006\\ OH^{-} hêt; H^{+} dư\\ n_{H^{+}}=0,006-0,001=0,005(mol)\\ [H^{+}]=\frac{0,005}{0,1+0,2}=\frac{1}{60}M\\ \to pH=-log(\frac{1}{60})=1,77 \)
nNaOH=0,1.0,01=0,001(mol)
nHCl=0,1.0,012=0,0012(mol)
NaOH + HCl\(\rightarrow\)NaCl + H2O
nHCl dư=0,0012-0,001=0,0002(mol)
CMH+=\(\frac{0,0002}{0,2}\)= 0,001(M)
pH=-log(0,001)=3
\(n_{H^+}=\left[H^+\right].V=10^{-1}.0,1=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-}=0,1a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{OH^-\text{ dư}}=\left[OH^-\right].V=10^{-2}.\left(0,1+0,1\right)=0,002\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có:
\(n_{OH^-}-n_{OH^-\text{ dư}}=n_{H^+}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,1a-0,002=0,01\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0,12\)
\([H^{+}]=0,1M\\ \Rightarrow n_{H^{+}}=0,1.0,1=0,01(mol)\\ pH=12 \to pOH=14-12=2\\ \Rightarrow [OH^{-}]=0,01\\ \Rightarrow n_{OH^{-}}=0,002(mol)\\ H^{+} +OH^{-} \to H_2O\\ n_{NaOH}=0,01+0,002=0,012(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a=0,12M\)
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=4.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Na^+}=3.10^{-3}\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,011\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\dfrac{4.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,008M\\\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{3.10^{-3}}{0,2+0,3}=0,006M\\\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,011}{0,2+0,3}=0,022M\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Để trung hòa dung dịch A thì:
\(n_{H^+}=n_{OH^-}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,01.V_{ddHCl}=\left(0,02.2+0,01\right).0,2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow V_{ddHCl}=1\left(l\right)\)