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\(\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2018}\right)\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2018}\right)=2018\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2018\left(x+\sqrt{x^2+2018}\right)=2018\left(\sqrt{y^2+2018}-y\right)\\2018\left(y+\sqrt{y^2+2018}\right)=2018\left(\sqrt{x^2+2018}-x\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{x^2+2018}=\sqrt{y^2+2018}-y\\y+\sqrt{y^2+2018}=\sqrt{x^2+2018}-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(x+y=-x-y\Rightarrow x=-y\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2019}=-y^{2019}\Rightarrow x^{2019}+y^{2019}=0\)
\(x=1-\sqrt[2]{2}+\sqrt[2]{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\sqrt[3]{2}+1\right)=\left(1-\sqrt[2]{2}+\sqrt[2]{4}\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{2}+1\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{2}x=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3=27-27x+9x^2-x^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2+9x-9=0\)
Giờ tự rap xô vô nhe
a) Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{2017}+\sqrt{2019}\right)^2=2017+2019+2\sqrt{2017.2019}\)
\(=4036+2\sqrt{\left(2018-1\right).\left(2018+1\right)}\)
\(=4036+2\sqrt{2018^2-1}< 4036+2\sqrt{2018^2}=2018.4=\left(2\sqrt{2018}\right)^2\)
Vậy x < y
Với mọi \(n\inℕ^∗\) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n-1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\)
Áp dụng đẳng thức trên ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)
\(t\text{ổng}qu\text{át}:\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n-1}+\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{n\sqrt{n-1}-\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}{n^2\left(n-1\right)-\left(n-1\right)^2n}\)
\(=\frac{n\sqrt{n-1}-\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
Thay vào A có
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)
\(x\left(\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}\right)+y\left(\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}\right)=2019\sqrt{2019}+2018\sqrt{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}\right)+y\left(\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}\right)=2018\left(\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}\right)+\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y.\left(\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}\right)^2=2018+\sqrt{2019}\left(\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y\left(4037-2\sqrt{2019.2018}\right)=4037-\sqrt{2019.2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4037.y-4037=2y\sqrt{2019.2018}-\sqrt{2019.2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4037y-4037=\left(2y-1\right).\sqrt{2019.2018}\)(1)
Do \(x;y\) hữu tỉ \(\Rightarrow x+4037y-4037\) và \(2y-1\) đều là số hữu tỉ
Mà \(\sqrt{2019.2018}\) là số vô tỉ
\(\Rightarrow\)đẳng thức (1) xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2y-1=0\\x+4037y-4037=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4037}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giả sử \(\sqrt{2009}\ge2\sqrt{2008}-\sqrt{2007}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2009}-\sqrt{2008}\ge\sqrt{2008}-\sqrt{2007}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{2009}+\sqrt{2008}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{2008}+\sqrt{2007}}\) (sai)
Vậy \(\sqrt{2009}< 2\sqrt{2008}-\sqrt{2007}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{2018}}+\dfrac{2018}{\sqrt{2019}}=\dfrac{2018}{\sqrt{2018}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{2019}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}=\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2019}+\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\right)\)
Do \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}>\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\) nên \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\) dương \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{2018}}+\dfrac{2018}{\sqrt{2019}}>\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2019}\)
20192018−−−−√+20182019−−−−√=20182018−−−−√+12018−−−−√+20192019−−−−√−12019−−−−√=2018−−−−√+2019−−−−√+(12018−−−−√−12019−−−−√)20192018+20182019=20182018+12018+20192019−12019=2018+2019+(12018−12019)
Do 12018−−−−√>12019−−−−√12018>12019 nên 12018−−−−√−12019−−−−√12018−12019 dương ⇒20192018−−−−√+20182019−−−−√>2018−−−−√+2019−−−−√