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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}+k\sqrt{k+1}}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)\sqrt{k}-k\sqrt{k+1}}{k\left(k+1\right)^2-k^2\left(k+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{k^3+2k^2+k-k^3-k^2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}\left(\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}\right)}{k\left(k+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{k+1}-\sqrt{k}}{\sqrt{k\left(k+1\right)}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{k}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{k+1}}\)
Lần lượt thay k=1;2;...;2018 ta được:
\(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\frac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
...
\(\frac{1}{2019\sqrt{2018}+2018\sqrt{2019}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta được:
\(C=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}=...\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{k\left(2018-k+1\right)}}>\frac{2}{k+2019-k}=\frac{2}{2019}\)
Ap dụng bài toan được
\(A>\frac{2}{2019}+\frac{2}{2019}+...+\frac{2}{2019}=2.\frac{2018}{2019}\)
a, \(\frac{\sqrt{2}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}\)-\(\frac{3\left(1+\sqrt{3}\right)}{1+\sqrt{3}}\)
=\(\sqrt{2}-3\)
b,X=\(\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}\)
(Khử mẫu,nhân tử&mẫu vs\(\sqrt{2019}+\sqrt{2018}\))
Y=\(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}\)
(Khử mẫu,nhân tử&mẫu vs\(\sqrt{2018}+\sqrt{2017}\))
So sánh:X & Y<=>X-\(\sqrt{2018}\)&Y-\(\sqrt{2018}\)(Trừ hai vế cho \(\sqrt{2018}\)) <=>\(\sqrt{2019}\)&\(\sqrt{2017}\)
Có:2019>2017
=>\(\sqrt{2019}>\sqrt{2017}\)
=>X>Y
Câu b, mk ko bt có lm đúng ko?
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{4}}-...-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}-\sqrt{2019}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{3-2}+\frac{\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}}{4-3}+...+\frac{\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}}{2019-2018}\)
\(=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4}-\sqrt{3}+...+\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2018}\)
\(=\sqrt{2019}-\sqrt{2}\)
Lời giải:
Đặt mẫu số của $B$ là $M$.
Từ \(2018x^3=2019y^3=2020z^3\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt[3]{2018}x=\sqrt[3]{2019}y=\sqrt[3]{2020}z=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2018}}{\frac{1}{x}}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2019}}{\frac{1}{y}}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2020}}{\frac{1}{z}}=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2018}+\sqrt[3]{2019}+\sqrt[3]{2020}}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2018}+\sqrt[3]{2019}+\sqrt[3]{2020}}{8}=\frac{M}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=\frac{M}{8\sqrt[3]{2018}}\\ y=\frac{M}{8\sqrt[3]{2019}}\\ z=\frac{M}{8\sqrt[3]{2020}}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2018x^2=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2018}M^2}{64}\\ 2019y^2=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2019}M^2}{64}\\ 2020z^2=\frac{\sqrt[3]{2020}M^2}{64}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow 2018x^2+2019y^2+2020z^2=\frac{M^2(\sqrt[3]{2018}+\sqrt[3]{2019}+\sqrt[3]{2020})}{64}=\frac{M^3}{64}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{\sqrt[3]{\frac{M^3}{64}}}{M}=\frac{M}{4M}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Với mọi \(n\inℕ^∗\) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n-1}}{\left(n+1\right)^2n-n^2\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}-n\sqrt{n+1}}{n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\)
Áp dụng đẳng thức trên ta có:
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2018}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2019}}\)
\(t\text{ổng}qu\text{át}:\frac{1}{n\sqrt{n-1}+\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}=\frac{n\sqrt{n-1}-\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}{n^2\left(n-1\right)-\left(n-1\right)^2n}\)
\(=\frac{n\sqrt{n-1}-\left(n-1\right)\sqrt{n}}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\)
Thay vào A có
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-...+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2016}}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2017}}\)