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\(x+y+z+8=2\sqrt[]{x-1}+4\sqrt[]{y-2}+6\sqrt[]{z-3}\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng Bđt Bunhiacopxki :
\(\left(2\sqrt[]{x-1}+4\sqrt[]{y-2}+6\sqrt[]{z-3}\right)^2\le\left(2^2+4^2+6^2\right)\left(x-1+y-2+z-3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt[]{x-1}+4\sqrt[]{y-2}+6\sqrt[]{z-3}\right)^2\le56^{ }\left(x+y+z-6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt[]{x-1}+4\sqrt[]{y-2}+6\sqrt[]{z-3}\right)^2\le56^{ }\left(x+y+z+8\right)-784\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{4}=\dfrac{z-3}{8}=\dfrac{x+y+z-6}{14}\left(2\right)\)
Đặt \(t=x+y+z+8\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t^2=56t-784\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-56t+784=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(t-28\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+8=28\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z-6=14\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{4}=\dfrac{z-3}{8}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1.2=2\\y-2=1.4=4\\z-2=1.8=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=6\\z=10\end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa mãn đề bài
\(P=x+y+z+\frac{3}{4x}+\frac{9}{8y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(=\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{3}{4x}+\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{9}{8y}+\frac{1}{4}z+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{4}x+\frac{1}{2}y+\frac{3}{4}z\)
\(\ge\frac{3}{2}\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}y.\frac{9}{8y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}z.\frac{1}{z}}+\frac{1}{4}.10\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{3}{2}+1+\frac{5}{2}=6,5\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=1,5\\z=2\end{cases}}\).
\(\frac{y+1}{4x^2+1}=1-\frac{4x^2-y}{4x^2+1}\ge1-\frac{4x^2-y}{2\sqrt{4x^2.1}}=1+\frac{y}{4x}-x;\)
Tương tự ta được \(\frac{1+z}{4y^2+1}\ge1+\frac{z}{4y}-y\); \(\frac{1+x}{4z^2+1}\ge1+\frac{x}{4z}-z\)
cộng 3 bất đăng thức trên ta được p \(\ge3+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}\right)-\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{x}{z}\right)\ge\)\(\frac{3}{2}+\frac{1}{4}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{y}{x}.\frac{z}{y}.\frac{x}{z}}=\frac{9}{4}\)
p min khi x=y=z = 1/2
\(\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2}_{ }+\sqrt{\left(z-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\ge.\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(z-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z-1\right)^2+12}=4.\)
Sử dụng Minkowski,
x + y = -8; y - z = 4; z - x = -6
=> x + y + y - z + z - x = -8 + 4 - 6
=> 2y = -10 => y = -5
=> x = -8 - (-5) = -3
=> z = -5 - 4 = -9
Vậy x = -3; y = -5; z = -9.
ta có x+y=-8
y-z=4
z-x=-6
=> x+y+y-z+z-x=-8+4-6=-10
=> y=-5
mà x+y=-8=> x-5=-8=> x=-3
y-z=4=> -5-z=4=> z=-9
vậy x=-3,y=-5,z=-9