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Đặt x+y−z=a;x−y+z=b;−x+y+z=cx+y−z=a;x−y+z=b;−x+y+z=c thì a + b + c = x + y + z
A=(a+b+c)3−a3−b3−c3A=(a+b+c)3−a3−b3−c3
=(a+b+c−a)[(a+b+c)2+a(a+b+c)+a2]−(b3+c3)=(a+b+c−a)[(a+b+c)2+a(a+b+c)+a2]−(b3+c3)
=(b+c)[a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ca)+(a2+ab+ac)+a2]−(b+c)(b2−bc+c2)=(b+c)[a2+b2+c2+2(ab+bc+ca)+(a2+ab+ac)+a2]−(b+c)(b2−bc+c2)=(b+c)[3a2+b2+c2+3ab+2bc+3ac−b2+bc−c2]=(b+c)[3a2+b2+c2+3ab+2bc+3ac−b2+bc−c2]
=(b+c)(3a2+3ab+3bc+3ca)=(b+c)(3a2+3ab+3bc+3ca)
=(b+c)(3a(a+b)+3c(a+b))=3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)
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9x^2+ y^2 + 2z^2 - 18x + 4z - 6y + 20 = 0
<=>9x2-18x+9+y2-6y+9+2z2+4z+2=0
<=>(3x-3)2+(y-3)2+2.(z2+2z+1)=0
<=>(3x-3)2+(y-3)2+2.(z+1)2=0
<=>3x-3=0 và y-3=0 và z+1=0
<=>x=1 và y=3 và z=-1
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\(a,\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+8xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2−18x+4z−6y+20=0
⇔9(x−1)^2+(y−3)^2+2(z+1)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3;z=−1
b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y−2x+2=0
⇔4(x+y)2+(x−1)2+(y+1)2=0
⇔x=−y;x=1y=−1⇔x=1y=−1
c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy−2x+4y+5=0
⇔(2x+y)^2+(x−1)^2+(y+2)^2=0
⇔2x=−y;x=1;y=−2
⇔x=1;y=−2
d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y−4z−14
⇔(x−1)^2+(2y−3)^2+(z+2)^2=0
⇔x=1;y=3/2;z=−2
e: Ta có: x^2−6x+y2+4y+2=0
⇔x^2−6x+9+y^2+4y+4−11=0
⇔(x−3)^2+(y+2)^2=11
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)
Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11
e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
ta co 9(x^2-2x+1) +( y^2 -6y +9) + 2(z^2 + 2z +1) = 0
suy ra 9(x-1)^2 + (y - 3 )^2 + 3( z-1)^2 = 0
suy ra x-1=0 ; y-3 =0 ; z-1=0
suy ra x=1;y=3; z=1
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
9x2 + y2 + 2z2 - 18x + 4z - 6y + 20 = 0
( 9x2 -18x + 9) +( y2 - 6y + 9) +2(z2+2z +1) = 0
( 3x-3)2 + ( y-3)2 + 2( z+1)2 = 0
vì ( 3x-3)^2 , (y-3)^2 , 2( z+1)^2 >0 \(\Rightarrow\left(3x-3\right)^2=\left(y-3\right)^2=2\left(z+1\right)^2\))^2
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x-3=0\\y-3=0\\2\left(z+1\right)=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{cases}}\)
\(9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(9x^2-18x+9\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(2z^2+4z+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z^2+2z+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}9\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\end{cases}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y-3=0\\z+1=0\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{cases}\)