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b, x2 +y2+z2 +2x-4y-6z+14=0
<=> (x2+2x+1)+(y2-4y+4)+(z2-6z+9)=0
<=> (x+1)2+(y-2)2+(z-3)2=0
=>(x+1)2=(y-2)2=(z-3)2=0
=>x+1=y-2=z-3=0
=> x=-1; y=2; z=3
c, 2x2+y2-6x-4y+2xy+5=0
<=> (x2+y2+4+2xy-4x-4y)+(x2-2x+1)=0
<=> (x+y-2)2+(x-1)2=0
=> (x+y-2)2=(x-1)2=0
=>x+y-2=x-1=0
=>x=1; y=1
a)\(x^2-2xy+y^2+1=\left(x+y\right)^2+1\ge1>0\)
b)\(x-x^2-1=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2-\frac{3}{4}\le-\frac{3}{4}< 0\)
c)\(9x^2+12x+10=\left(9x^2+12x+4\right)+6=\left(3x+2\right)^2+6\ge6>0\)
d)\(3x^2-x+1=2x^2+\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\frac{3}{4}=2x^2+\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}>0`\)
a/ \(\left(x-4\right)^2-36=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-4-6\right)\left(x-4+6\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-10\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-10=0\\x+2=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=10\\x=-2\end{cases}}\)
b/ \(\left(x+8\right)^2=121\)
<=> \(\left(x+8\right)^2-121=0\)
<=> \(\left(x+8-11\right)\left(x+8+11\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+19\right)=0\)
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3=0\\x+19=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=3\\x=-19\end{cases}}\)
d/ \(4x^2-12x+9=0\)
<=> \(\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.3+3^2=0\)
<=> \(\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\)
<=> \(2x-3=0\)
<=> \(x=\frac{3}{2}\)
a) \(x^2+2xy+y^2+x+y-2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y-2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le\frac{9}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(-2\le x+y\le1\)
b) \(x^2+2y^2+2xy-16y-6x+30=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-6\left(x+y\right)=-y^2+10y-30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)^2-6\left(x+y\right)=-\left(y^2-10y+25\right)-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+y-3\right)^2=-\left(y-5\right)^2+4\le4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(1\le x+y\le5\)
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a)\(x^2-4x+y^2-2y+10=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+5\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+5\ge5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=2;y=1
b) tương tự câu a
c)\(x^2+2y^2-6x-8y+2xy+5=x^2+2y^2+2x\left(y-3\right)-8y+5\)
\(=x^2+2x\left(y-3\right)+\left(y^2-6x+9\right)+\left(y^2-2x+1\right)-5\)
\(=x^2+2x\left(y-3\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-5\)
\(=\left(x+y-3\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-5\ge-5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=2;y=1
1.
PT $\Leftrightarrow (x^2+2xy+y^2)-(y^2+6y+9)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2-(y+3)^2=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y-y-3)(x+y+y+3)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-3)(x+2y+3)=0$
$\Rightarrow x-3=0$ hoặc $x+2y+3=0$
Nếu $x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3$. Vậy $(x,y)=(3,a)$ với $a$ nguyên bất kỳ.
Nếu $x+2y+3=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2y-3$ lẻ. Vậy $(x,y)=(-2a-3,a)$ với $a$ nguyên bất kỳ.
2.
PT $\Leftrightarrow x^2=(y^2+2y+1)+12$
$\Leftrightarrow x^2=(y+1)^2+12\Leftrightarrow x^2-(y+1)^2=12$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-y-1)(x+y+1)=12$
Vì $x-y-1, x+y+1$ là số nguyên và cùng tính chẵn lẻ nên xảy ra các TH sau:
TH1: $x-y-1=2; x+y+1=6\Rightarrow x=4; y=1$
TH2: $x-y-1=6; x+y+1=2\Rightarrow x=4; y=-3$
TH3: $x-y-1=-2; x+y+1=-6\Rightarrow x=-4; y=-3$
TH4: $x-y-1=-6; x+y+1=-2\Rightarrow x=-4; y=1$