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x2+2x+y2-6y+4z^2-4z+11=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(4z^2-4z+1\right)=0\)
<=>(x+1)2+(y-3)2+(2z-1)2=0
Vì (x+1)2\(\ge\)0;(y-3)2\(\ge\)0;(2z-1)2\(\ge\)0 => (x+1)2+(y-3)2+(2z-1)2\(\ge\)0
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi (x+1)2=(y-3)2=(2z-1)2=0 <=> x+1=y-3=2z-1=0 <=> x=-1;y=3;z=1/2
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+y^2-6x+9+4z^2-4z+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(2z-1\right)^2=0\)(1)
VT(1) >= 0 với mọi x;y;z nên để đẳng thức (1) xảy ra thì: x = -1; y = 3; z = 1/2.
1.
Gọi 4 số tự nhiên liên tiếp là n - 1; n; n + 1; n + 2 (n ∈ N*)
Ta có: A = (n - 1)n(n + 1)(n + 2) + 1
= (n2 - 1)(n2 + 2n) + 1
= n4 + 2n3 - n2 - 2n + 1
= (n2 + n - 1)2 => đpcm
2.
Ta có: x2 + 2x + y2 - 6y + 4z2 - 4z + 11 = 0
x2 + 2x + 1 + y2 - 6y + 9 + 4z2 - 4z + 1 = 0
(x + 1)2 + (y - 3)2 + (2z - 1)2 = 0
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-3=0\\2z+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=3\\z=\frac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy (x, y, z) ∈ {(-1, 3, \(\frac{-1}{2}\))}
x2 + 2x + y2 - 6y + 4z2 - 4z + 11 = 0
<=> ( x2 + 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 6y + 9 ) + ( 4z2 - 4z + 1 ) = 0
<=> ( x + 1 )2 + ( y - 3 )2 + ( 2z - 1 )2 = 0 (*)
Ta có : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0\forall y\\\left(2z-1\right)^2\ge0\forall z\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(2z-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y,z\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tức (*) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=0\\y-3=0\\2z-1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=3\\z=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ...
3) Ta có: \(A=3x^2-6x+1\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2x+\frac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x^2-2x+1-\frac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x-1=0
hay x=1
Vậy: Giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức \(A=3x^2-6x+1\) là -2 khi x=1
4) Sửa đề: \(\left(a+2\right)^2-\left(a-2\right)^2\)
Ta có: \(\left(a+2\right)^2-\left(a-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+2-a+2\right)\left(a+2+a-2\right)\)
\(=4\cdot2a⋮4\)(đpcm)
\(x^2+2x+y^2-6y+4z^2-4z+11=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x+1+y^2-6y+9+4z^2-4z+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(2z-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y-3=0\\2z-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=3\\z=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+2x+y^2-6y+4z^2-4z+11=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+\left(4z^2-4z+1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(2z-1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y-3\right)^2\ge0;\left(2z-1\right)^2\ge0\) mà \(\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+\left(2z-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-3\right)^2=0\\\left(2z-1\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=3\\z=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)