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Đặt \(A=x^2+y^2+xy+3x+3y+2018\)
\(4.A=4x^2+4y^2+4xy+12x+12y+8072\)
\(4.A=\left(4x^2+4xy+y^2\right)+3y^2+12x+12y+8072\)
\(4.A=\left[\left(2x+y\right)^2+2\left(2x+y\right).3+9\right]+3\left(y^2+2y+1\right)+8060\)
\(4.A=\left(2x+y+3\right)^2+3\left(y+1\right)^2+8060\)
Mà \(\left(2x+y+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)\(\Rightarrow3\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow4.A\ge8060\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge2015\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi :
\(\hept{\begin{cases}2x+y+3=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ...
\(M=x^2+xy+y^2-3x-3\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+xy+y^2+\dfrac{3}{4}x^2-3x-3\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-x+1-2\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x+y\right)^2+3\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-1\right)^2-6>=-6\forall x,y\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x-1=0\\\dfrac{1}{2}x+y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-\dfrac{1}{2}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(x^2+y^2-2x+6y-30\)
\(=x^2-2x+1+y^2+6y+9-40\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2-40\ge-40\)
\(min=-40\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)x^2+y^2-2x+6y-30=(x-1)^2+(y+3)^2-40\(\ge\) -40
dấu = xảy ra khi x=1,y=-3
Đặt `A=x^2+xy+y^2-3x-6y`
`<=>4A=4x^2+4xy+4y^2-12x-24y`
`<=>4A=4x^2+4xy+y^2-6(2x+y)-18y+3y^2`
`<=>4A=(2x+y)^2-6(2x+y)+9+3(y^2-6y+9)-36`
`<=>4A=(2x+y-3)^2+3(y-3)^2-36>=-36`
`<=>A>=-9`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `y=3,x=(3-y)/2=0`