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\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4\\ A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\\ A_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
\(A=x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2-\left(y+1\right)^2+2y^2-4y+2028\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2-y^2-2x-1+2y^2-4y+2028\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2-6x+y^2+2027\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)+\left(y-3\right)^2+2018\ge2018\forall x;y\) (do...)
=> MinA = 2018 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1+x^2+6x+9+1978\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(x+3\right)^2+1978\)
\(=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(x+3\right)^2+1978\ge1978\)
\(A_{min}=1978\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+2\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+x^2+y^2+1+2x+2y+2xy-3\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(x+y+1\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x+y+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-3\end{cases}}\).
\(-2x^2-2xy-y^2+2x-2y-2=-\left[y^2+2y\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)^2\right]-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+3=-\left(y+x+1\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2+3\le3\)
\(max=3\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=2x^2+y^2+2xy-6x-2y+10\)
<=>\(A=y^2+2y\left(x-1\right)+2x^2-6x+10\)
<=>\(A=y^2+2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+5\)
<=>\(A=y^2+2y\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
<=>\(A=\left(y+x-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+5\ge5\)
=> A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là 5 khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y+x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}y+x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
A = 2x2 + 2xy + y2 - 2x + 2y + 2
A = (x2 + 2xy + y2) + 2(x + y) + 1 + (x2 - 4x + 4) - 3
A = (x + y)2 + 2(x + y) + 1 + (x - 2)2 - 3
A = (x + y + 1)2 + (x - 2)2 - 3 \(\ge\)-3 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}y=-x-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}y=-2-1=-3\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy MinA = -3 <=> x = 2 và y = -3
\(2x^2+2xy+y^2-2x+2y+\)\(2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+1+2xy+2x+2y\right)+\left(x^2-4x+2\right)-1\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-1\)
Ta thấy \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall x,y\)
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall x\)
=> \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall x,y\)
=> \(\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2-1\ge-1\)
hay \(A\ge-1\)
\(MinA=-1\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=-3\end{cases}}}\)