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\(M=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\frac{a+b+c}{abc}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{2}{bc}+\frac{2}{ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}|\) là số hữu tỉ
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}=m\Leftrightarrow m-\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{b}\Rightarrow m^2-2m\sqrt{a}+a=b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a}=\frac{m^2+a-b}{2m}\)là số hữu tỉ.
Tương tự cũng suy ra \(\sqrt{b}\)là số hữu tỉ.
\(P=\frac{\frac{1}{a^2}}{\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{\frac{1}{b^2}}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{\frac{1}{c^2}}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{a}\\y=\frac{1}{b}\\z=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow xyz=1\Rightarrow P=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(P\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+x+z+x+y}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Cần cách khác thì nhắn cái
Thế muốn giải thích thì liệt kê đau đầu =(
\(\frac{3}{\sqrt{7}-5}-\frac{3}{\sqrt{7+5}}=\frac{-10}{9}\inℚ\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{7}+5}{\sqrt{7}-5}+\frac{\sqrt{7}-5}{\sqrt{7}+5}=12\inℚ\)
Đây là TH là số hữu tỉ còn lại.....
\(\frac{4}{2-\sqrt{3}}-\frac{4}{2+\sqrt{3}}=8\sqrt{3}\notinℚ\)
\(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{7}-2}-2\sqrt{7}=2-\sqrt{7}\notinℚ\)
\(\left(4+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)\ge\left(2a+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{b+c}}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+\dfrac{1}{b+c}}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{17}}\left(2a+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{b+c}}\right)=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\sqrt{b^2+\dfrac{1}{a+c}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4b+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+c}}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{c^2+\dfrac{1}{a+b}}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4c+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b+c}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{a+b}+\sqrt{b+c}+\sqrt{c+a}}\right)\)
Cũng theo Bunhiacopxki:
\(1.\sqrt{a+b}+1.\sqrt{b+c}+1\sqrt{c+a}\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)}=\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(4a+4b+4c+\dfrac{9}{\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\dfrac{31}{8}\left(a+b+c\right)+\dfrac{a+b+c}{8}+\dfrac{9}{2\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}+\dfrac{9}{2\sqrt{6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(\dfrac{31}{8}.6+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{81\left(a+b+c\right)}{32.6\left(a+b+c\right)}}\right)=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)
\(x^3+y^3=2xy\)
Bình phương 2 vế ta được:
\(\left(x^3+y^3\right)^2=4x^2y^2\)
<=> \(x^6+y^6+2x^3y^3=4x^2y^2\)
<=> \(x^6+y^6-2x^3y^3=4x^2y^2-4x^3y^3\)
<=> \(\left(x^3-y^3\right)^2=4x^2y^2\left(1-xy\right)\)
<=> \(1-xy=\frac{\left(x^3-y^3\right)^2}{4x^2y^2}=\left(\frac{x^3-y^3}{2xy}\right)^2\)
=> \(\sqrt{1-xy}=\left|\frac{x^3-y^3}{2xy}\right|\) là 1 số hữu tỉ
=> đpcm
Ta có: \(a\sqrt{b+1}=\frac{a\sqrt{\left(b+1\right)2}}{\sqrt{2}}\le a\frac{b+1+2}{2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{ab+3a}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Tương tự: \(b\sqrt{a+1}\le\frac{ab+3b}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\le\frac{3\left(a+b\right)+2ab}{2\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{6+\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\frac{8}{2\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu = khi a=b=1
Ta có: \(a+b=2\Rightarrow b=2-a\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b+1}=a\sqrt{3-a}\)
Lại có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a;b>0\\a+b=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow0\le a;b\le2\)
Mặt khác: \(a\le2\Rightarrow3-a\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3-a}\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{3-a}\ge a\) Do \(a\ge0\)
Tương tự suy ra \(M\ge a+b=2\)
Dấu = khi \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;2\right);\left(2;0\right)\)
Vậy \(M_{Max}=2\sqrt{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
\(M_{Min}=2\Leftrightarrow\left(a;b\right)=\left(0;2\right);\left(2;0\right)\)
1a
\(A=\frac{3}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^4+b^4}{2}\ge\frac{6}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}}{2}\)
\(\ge10+\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{4}=10+\frac{1}{16}=\frac{161}{16}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vay \(A_{min}=\frac{161}{16}\)
1b.\(B=\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^8+b^8}{4}\ge\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{\frac{\left(a^4+b^4\right)^2}{2}}{4}\)
\(\ge6+\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{8}\ge6+\frac{\left[\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}\right]^2}{32}=6+\frac{1}{128}=\frac{769}{128}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vay \(B_{min}=\frac{769}{128}\)khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
ta có P=\(\frac{\sqrt{a-1}}{a}+\frac{\sqrt{b-4}}{b}+\frac{\sqrt{c-9}}{c}\)
Áp dụng bđt cố si ta có
\(\sqrt{a-1}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(a-1+1\right)=\frac{1}{2}a\Rightarrow\frac{\sqrt{a-1}}{a}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự mấy cái kia rồi + vào, để ý dấu =
Bạn tham khảo tại đây ạ!
Câu hỏi của danh Vô - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Phương trình tương đương: \(5a-2a\sqrt{5}+b\sqrt{5}-2b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{5}\left(b-2a\right)+\left(5a-2b-1\right)=0\).
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b-2a=0\\5a-2b-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn).
Vậy: \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)