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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized.. Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet. Although each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.

The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are equivalent to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. Specifically, caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard over a period of time

According to the passage, vitamins are _______. 

A. food particles

B. essential nutrients

C. miscellaneous substances

D. major food groups

1
3 tháng 3 2018

B

Theo bài đọc, vitamin là ______.

A. những mảnh vụn thực phẩm

B. dưỡng chất thiết yếu

C. chất hỗn tạp

D. nhóm thực phẩm chính

Thông tin: Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy.

Tạm dịch: Vitamin, dùng với liều lượng nhỏ, là nhóm chính của hợp chất hữu cơ điều tiết cơ chế mà cơ thể chuyển hóa thức ăn thành năng lượng.

Chọn B 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34. Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized.. Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet. Although each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.

The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are equivalent to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. Specifically, caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard over a period of time

It can be inferred from the passage that vitamin supplements can be advisable ________. 

A. in special medical cases

B. in most restricted diets

C. after correcting a dietary deficiency

D. before beginning a therapeutic treatment

1
16 tháng 1 2019

A

Điều gì có thể được suy ra từ bài đọc là việc uống bổ sung vitamin được khuyên dùng ________.

A. ở các trường hợp y khoa đặc biệt

B. phần lớn chế độ ăn kiêng

C. sau khi sửa chữa sự thiếu hụt liên quan đến chế độ ăn

D. trước khi bắt đầu quá trình điều trị

Thông tin: The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment.

Tạm dịch: Việc bổ sung vitamin được khuyến cáo cho những trường hợp thiếu vitamin do chế độ ăn không căn bằng, với những người phải có chế độ ăn kiêng nghiêm ngặt hoặc nó đóng vai trò như biện pháp trị liệu trong y khoa.

Chọn A 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34. Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized.. Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet. Although each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.

The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are equivalent to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. Specifically, caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard over a period of time

The word "nomenclature" in the passage is closest in meaning to ______.

A. conservation

B. concentration

C. classification

D. clarification

1
21 tháng 10 2017

C

Cụm từ “nomenclature” trong bài đọc gần nghĩa với .

A. conservation (n): sự bảo tồn

B. concentration (n): sự tập trung

C. classification (n): sự phân loại (đặt tên => xếp vào các nhóm)

D. clarification (n): sự làm rõ

Thông tin: Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized..

Tạm dịch: Mặc dù nói chung việc đặt tên các vitamin tuân theo thứ tự chữ cái trong nhận dạng của chúng, phép đặt tên của các chất riêng lẻ có thể có vẻ hơi ngẫu nhiên và vô tổ c

Chọn C

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34. Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized.. Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet. Although each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.

The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are equivalent to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. Specifically, caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard over a period of time

The phrase "daily diet" is closest in meaning to _______. 

A. weight loss or gain

B. sufficient quantities

C. nourishment intake

D. vitamin supplements

1
19 tháng 11 2018

C

Cụm từ “daily diet” gần nghĩa nhất với ________.

A. việc tăng hoặc giảm cân nặng                     B. đủ về mặt số lượng

C. sự ăn uống thực phẩm                                                                 D. việc bổ sung vitamin

Chọn C

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34. Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.

Vitamins, taken in tiny doses, are a major group of organic compounds that regulate the mechanisms by which the body converts food into energy. They should not be confused with minerals, which are inorganic in their makeup. Although in general the naming of vitamins followed the alphabetical order of their identification, the nomenclature of individual substances may appear to be somewhat random and disorganized.. Among the 13 vitamins known today, five are produced in the body. Because the body produces sufficient quantities of some but not all vitamins, they must be supplemented in the daily diet. Although each vitamin has its specific designation and cannot be replaced by another compound, a lack of one vitamin can interfere with the processing of another. When a lack of even one vitamin in a diet is continual, a vitamin deficiency may result.

The best way for an individual to ensure a necessary supply of vitamins is to maintain a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods and provides adequate quantities of all the compounds. Some people take vitamin supplements, predominantly in the form of tablets. The vitamins in such supplements are equivalent to those in food, but an adult who maintains a balanced diet does not need a daily supplement. The ingestion of supplements is recommended only to correct an existing deficiency due to unbalanced diet, to provide vitamins known to be lacking in a restricted diet, or to act as a therapeutic measure in medical treatment. Specifically, caution must be exercised with fat-soluble substances, such as vitamins A and D, because, taken in gigantic doses, they may present a serious health hazard over a period of time

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Adopting vitamins to control weight.

B. The individual's diet for optimum health.

C. Vitamin categorization and medical application.

D. The place of vitamins in nutrition.

1
23 tháng 4 2017

D

Ý chính của bài đọc là gì?

A. Việc dùng vitamin để kiểm soát cân nặng.

B. Chế độ ăn các nhân để có sức khỏe tốt nhất

C. Sự phân loại vitamin và việc áp dụng trong y học                          D. Vai trò của vitamin trong dinh dưỡng (chế độ ăn hàng ngày)

place = role (n): vai trò, tầm quan trọng

Chọn D

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.        The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.

       The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called “the vitamin period.” Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of deficiency symptoms. Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

        In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health problems.

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following discoveries was made during the first era in the history of nutrition?

A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.

B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods.


 

C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined.

D. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.

1
1 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án A.

Key words: discoveries, first era, history of nutrition

Clue: Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods: Gần cuối giai đoạn này, các nghiên cứu chng minh rằng việc giảm cân nhanh chóng có liên quan tới việc mất cân bằng nitơ và chỉ có thể được điều chỉnh bằng việc cung cấp đầy đủ protein trong chế độ ăn kết hợp với các loại thực phẩm nhất định.

A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet: protein được nhìn nhận như một thành phần thiết yếu của chế độ ăn.

B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods: vitamin được tổng hợp từ thực phẩm.

C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined: xác định được những kỹ thuật hiệu quả đ giảm cân.

D. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health: một số loại thực phẩm nhất định được phát hiện ra là có hại cho sức khỏe.

Vậy đáp án chính xác là A

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.  Almost all living things ultimately get their energy from the sun. In a process called photosynthesis, plants, algae, and some other organisms capture the sun's energy and use it to make simple sugars such as glucose. Most other organisms use these organic molecules as a source of energy. Organic materials contain a tremendous amount of...
Đọc tiếp

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

  Almost all living things ultimately get their energy from the sun. In a process called photosynthesis, plants, algae, and some other organisms capture the sun's energy and use it to make simple sugars such as glucose. Most other organisms use these organic molecules as a source of energy. Organic materials contain a tremendous amount of energy. As food, they fuel our bodies and those of most other creatures. In such forms as oil, gas, and coal, they heat our homes, run our factories and power our cars.

  Photosynthesis begins when solar energy is absorbed by chemicals called photosynthetic pigments that are contained within an organism. The most common photosynthetic pigment is chlorophyll. The bright green color characteristic of plants is caused by it. Most algae have additional pigments that may mask the green chlorophyll. Because of these pigments, algae may be not only green but brown, red, blue or even black.                                                        

  In a series of enzyme-controlled reactions, the solar energy captured by chlorophyll and other pigments is used to make simple sugars, with carbon dioxide and water as the raw materials. Carbon dioxide is one of very few carbon- containing molecules not considered to be organic compounds. Photosynthesis then converts carbon from an inorganic to an organic form. This is called carbon fixation. In this process, the solar energy that was absorbed by chlorophyll is stored as chemical energy in the form of simple sugars like glucose. The glucose is then used to make other organic compounds. In addition, photosynthesis produces oxygen gas. All the oxygen gas on earth, both in the atmosphere we breathe and in the ocean, was produced by photosynthetic organisms. Photosynthesis constantly replenishes the earth's oxygen supply.

  Organisms that are capable of photosynthesis can obtain all the energy they need from sunlight and do not need to eat. They are called autotrophs. Plants are the most familiar autotrophs on land. In the ocean, algae and bacteria are the most important autotrophs. Many organisms cannot produce their own food and must obtain energy by eating organic matter. These are called heterotrophs.

(Hooked on TOEFL Reading - LinguaForum)

It can be inferred from the passage that the author considers solar energy to be_________.

A. useless to most bacteria and algae

B. a permanent and everlasting source of energy

C. a perfect solution to the energy problem

D. essential for every organism on earth

1
10 tháng 12 2017

ĐÁP ÁN D

Câu đề bài: Ta có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn rằng tác giả coi năng lượng mặt trời là _________ .

Đáp án D: cần thiết cho mọi sinh vật trên trái đất Các đáp án còn lại:

A. Vô dụng với hầu hết vi khuẩn và tảo

B. Nguồn năng lượng lâu dài và vĩnh cửu

C. Một giải pháp hoàn hảo cho vấn đề năng lượng

Thông tin trong bài:

Photosynthesis begins when solar energy is absorbed by chemicals called photosynthetic pigments that are contained within an organism. In addition, photosynthesis produces oxygen gas. All the oxygen gas on earth, both in the atmosphere we breathe and in the ocean, was produced by photosynthetic organisms. Photosynthesis constantly replenishes the earth's oxygen supply. - Quá trình quang hợp bắt đầu khi năng lượng mặt trời được hấp thụ bởi các hóa chất gọi là sắc tố quang hợp được chứa trong một sinh vật. Ngoài ra, quang hợp tạo ra khí oxy. Tất cả khí oxy trên trái đất, cả trong khí quyển chúng ta hít thở và trong đại dương, được sinh ra bởi các sinh vật quang hợp. Quang hợp liên tục bổ sung nguồn cung cấp oxy của trái đất

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.        The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and blacken the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

        The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.

       The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called “the vitamin period.” Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of deficiency symptoms. Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.

        In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health problems.

It can be inferred from the passage that medical schools began to teach concepts of nutrition in order to

A. convince medical doctors to participate in research studies on nutrition

B. encourage medical doctors to apply concepts of nutrition in the treatment of disease

C. convince doctors to conduct experimental vitamin therapies on their patients

D. support the creation of artificial vitamins

1
10 tháng 2 2019

Đáp án B.

Key words: medical schools, teach, concepts of nutrition, in order to

Clue: “As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences”: Khi vitamin bắt đầu được nhìn nhận là thành phần thực phẩm thiết yếu cần thiết cho sức khỏe, có đề nghị được đưa ra là mọi bệnh tật mà trước đó không có cách điều trị hiệu quả có thể sẽ phản ứng với phương pháp điều trị bằng vitamin. Vào thời điểm đó, trường y khoa bắt đầu trở nên hứng thú hơn với việc đưa các khái niệm về dinh dưỡng vào chương trình giảng dạy thành bộ môn khoa học cơ bản.

A. convince medical doctors to participate in research studies on nutrition: thuyết phục bác sỹ y khoa tham gia vào những nghiên cứu về dinh dưỡng.

B. encourage medical doctors to apply concepts of nutrition in the treatment of disease: khuyến khích bác sỹ y khoa áp dụng các khái niệm về dinh dưỡng vào việc điều trị bệnh.

C. convince doctors to conduct experimental vitamin therapies on their patients: thuyết phục bác sỹ thử nghiệm phương pháp chữa bệnh bằng vitamin lên bệnh nhân.

D. support the creation of artificial vitamins: ủng hộ việc điều chế vitamin nhân tạo.

Vì có đề nghị là liệu pháp vitamin có thể chữa trị được những bệnh mà trước đó không có cách điều trị hiệu quả nên trường y khoa đưa các khái niệm về dinh dưỡng vào chương trình học để khuyến khích bác sỹ áp dụng các khái niệm này để chữa bệnh.

Vậy đáp án chính xác là B.

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.  Almost all living things ultimately get their energy from the sun. In a process called photosynthesis, plants, algae, and some other organisms capture the sun's energy and use it to make simple sugars such as glucose. Most other organisms use these organic molecules as a source of energy. Organic materials contain a tremendous amount of...
Đọc tiếp

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

  Almost all living things ultimately get their energy from the sun. In a process called photosynthesis, plants, algae, and some other organisms capture the sun's energy and use it to make simple sugars such as glucose. Most other organisms use these organic molecules as a source of energy. Organic materials contain a tremendous amount of energy. As food, they fuel our bodies and those of most other creatures. In such forms as oil, gas, and coal, they heat our homes, run our factories and power our cars.

  Photosynthesis begins when solar energy is absorbed by chemicals called photosynthetic pigments that are contained within an organism. The most common photosynthetic pigment is chlorophyll. The bright green color characteristic of plants is caused by it. Most algae have additional pigments that may mask the green chlorophyll. Because of these pigments, algae may be not only green but brown, red, blue or even black.                                                        

  In a series of enzyme-controlled reactions, the solar energy captured by chlorophyll and other pigments is used to make simple sugars, with carbon dioxide and water as the raw materials. Carbon dioxide is one of very few carbon- containing molecules not considered to be organic compounds. Photosynthesis then converts carbon from an inorganic to an organic form. This is called carbon fixation. In this process, the solar energy that was absorbed by chlorophyll is stored as chemical energy in the form of simple sugars like glucose. The glucose is then used to make other organic compounds. In addition, photosynthesis produces oxygen gas. All the oxygen gas on earth, both in the atmosphere we breathe and in the ocean, was produced by photosynthetic organisms. Photosynthesis constantly replenishes the earth's oxygen supply.

  Organisms that are capable of photosynthesis can obtain all the energy they need from sunlight and do not need to eat. They are called autotrophs. Plants are the most familiar autotrophs on land. In the ocean, algae and bacteria are the most important autotrophs. Many organisms cannot produce their own food and must obtain energy by eating organic matter. These are called heterotrophs.

(Hooked on TOEFL Reading - LinguaForum)

Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Plants are familiar heterotrophs

B. Plants capture the sun's energy to make sugars.

C. Photosynthesis produces oxygen gas

D. Organic materials contain an amount of energy.

1
10 tháng 7 2019

ĐÁP ÁN A

Câu đề bài: Câu nào sau đây Không đúng?

Đáp án A. Thực vật thường là sinh vật dị dưỡng.

Các đáp án còn lại:

B. Thực vật lấy năng lượng mặt trời để tạo ra đường.

In this process, the solar energy that was absorbed by chlorophyll is stored as  chemical energy in the form of simple sugars like glucose.

Trong quá trình này, năng lượng mặt trời được hấp thụ bởi chất diệp lục được lưu trữ dưới dạng năng lượng hóa học dưới dạng các loại đường đơn giản như glucose.

C. Quang hợp tạo ra khí oxy.

In addition, photosynthesis produces oxygen gas.

Ngoài ra, quang hợp tạo ra khí oxy.

D. Vật liệu hữu cơ chứa một lượng năng lượng.

Thông tin trong bài:

Many organisms cannot produce their own food and must obtain energy by eating organic matter.

Nhiều sinh vật không thể tự sản xuất thức ăn của mình và phải có năng lượng bằng cách ăn các chất hữu cơ.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.Insects' lives are very short and they have many enemies, but they must survive long enough to breed and perpetuate their kind. The less insect-like they look, the better their chance of survival. To look "inedible" by imitating plants is a way frequently used by insects to survive. Mammals rarely imitate plants, but many fish and invertebrates do. The stick...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Insects' lives are very short and they have many enemies, but they must survive long enough to breed and perpetuate their kind. The less insect-like they look, the better their chance of survival. To look "inedible" by imitating plants is a way frequently used by insects to survive. Mammals rarely imitate plants, but many fish and invertebrates do.

 The stick caterpillar is well named. It is hardly distinguishable from a brown or green twig. This caterpillar is quite common and can be found almost anywhere in North America. It is also called "measuring worm" or "inchworm." It walks by arching its body, then stretching out and grasping the branch with its front feet then looping its body again to bring the hind feet forward. When danger threatens, the stick caterpillar stretches its body away from the branch at an angle and remains rigid and still, like a twig, until the danger has passed.

 Walking sticks, or stick insects, do not have to assume a rigid, twig-like pose to find protection; they look like inedible twigs in any position. There are many kinds of walking sticks, ranging in size from the few inches of the North American variety to some tropical species that may be over a foot long. When at rest their front legs are stretched out, heightening their camouflage. Some of the tropical species are adorned with spines or ridges, imitating the thorny bushes or trees in which they live.

            Leaves also seem to be a favorite object for insects to imitate. Many butterflies can suddenly disappear from view by folding their wings and sitting quietly among the plants that they resemble.

Which of the following is true of stick insects?

A. They make themselves look like other insects.

B. They change color to make themselves invisible.

C. They are camouflaged only when walking.

D. They resemble their surroundings all the time.

1
29 tháng 12 2019

Đáp án D

Phát biểu nào sau đây là đúng sự thật của bọ que?

A. chúng làm cho mình trông giống như côn trùng khác.

B. chúng thay đổi màu sắc để làm cho mình vô hình.

C. Chúng được ngụy trang chỉ khi đang bò.

D. Họ giống như môi trường xung quanh tất cả các thời gian.

Dẫn chứng: they look like inedible twigs in any position.