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a, \(\frac{a}{\sqrt{a}}=\sqrt{a}\)
b, \(\frac{a}{\sqrt{ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{b}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{b}\)
c, \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3x^3}}=\frac{x}{x\sqrt{3x}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x}}=\frac{\sqrt{3x}}{3x}\)
d, \(\frac{4y^2}{\sqrt{2y^5}}=\frac{4y^2}{y^2\sqrt{2y}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{2y}}=\frac{4\sqrt{2y}}{2y}=\frac{2\sqrt{2y}}{y}\)
a)\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{a}}{a}=\sqrt{a}\) b) \(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{ab}}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{ab}}{\left(\sqrt{ab}\right)^2}=\dfrac{a\sqrt{ab}}{ab}=\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}}{b}\) c) \(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{3x^3}}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{3x}}{\sqrt{3x^3.\sqrt{3x}}}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{3x}}{\left(\sqrt{3x^2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{3x}}{\left(3x^2\right)^2}=\dfrac{x\sqrt{3x}}{3x^2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{3x}}{3x}\)
\(\dfrac{2ab}{\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}}=\dfrac{2ab\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}=\dfrac{2ab\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)}{a-b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}{x-y}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{7}}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{10}+\sqrt{7}\right)\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{10-7}=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\right)}{3}=\sqrt{10}-\sqrt{7}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{6-5}=2\left(\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(=\frac{6\sqrt{2}\left(3\sqrt{7}-5\sqrt{2}\right)}{2\left(3\sqrt{7}-5\sqrt{2}\right)}=\frac{6\sqrt{2}}{2}=3\sqrt{2}\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)
khi đó:
\(P\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{a+b}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)=> \(\frac{2}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=> \(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1
Vậy max P = 3 tại a = b = c =1.
Không thích làm cách này đâu nhưng đường cùng rồi nên thua-_-
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+y}=a;\sqrt{y+z}=b;\sqrt{z+x}=c\) suy ra
\(x=\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2};y=\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2};z=\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2}\). Ta cần chứng minh:
\(abc\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc\ge\left(a+b-c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\left(c+a-b\right)\)
Đây là bất đẳng thức Schur bậc 3, ta có đpcm.
1.
\(x^3+2=3\sqrt[3]{3x-2}\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x=\left(3x-2\right)+3\sqrt[3]{3x-2}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{3x-2}=a\)thì \(x^3+3x=a^3+3a\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left(x^2+ax+a^2+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left[\frac{1}{2}x^2+\frac{1}{2}a^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+a\right)^2+3\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=a\Leftrightarrow.......\)
2.
\(x^2+\sqrt{x+5}=5\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+\frac{1}{4}=x+5-\sqrt{x+5}+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{x+5}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow..........\)
3. Các hệ đối xứng như vầy, chỉ cần trừ theo vế 2 phương trình của hệ cho nhau để rút ra nhân tử chung.
a.
\(pt\left(1\right)-pt\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x^3-y^3=3x+8y-\left(3y+8x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+5\left(x-y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left[\frac{1}{2}x^2+\frac{1}{2}y^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2+5\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\text{ }\left(do\text{ }.....................................>0\right)\)
thay vào một trong hai phương trình ban đầu giải nốt
b.
\(pt\left(1\right)-pt\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow2x+y-\left(2y+x\right)=\frac{3}{x^2}-\frac{3}{y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-y+\frac{3}{x^2y^2}\left(x^2-y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left[1+\frac{3\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=y\text{ (3)}\\1+\frac{3\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2}=0\text{ (4)}\end{cases}}\)
Ta cần CM (4) làm hệ vô nghiệm
Từ pt(1) ta có: \(\frac{3}{x^2}>0\Rightarrow2x+y>0\)
Tương tự với pt(2) \(\frac{3}{y^2}>0\Rightarrow x+2y>0\)
Cộng theo vế: \(2x+y+x+2y>0\Rightarrow3\left(x+y\right)>0\)
Vậy \(1+\frac{3\left(x+y\right)}{x^2y^2}>0\) hay (4) bị loại.
Vậy (3) vào một phương trình đã cho giải nốt.
a/ \(\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)^2}\) xác định với mọi x
b/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\ge0\\x+9\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x\ge-3\)
c/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{x-1}{x+2}\ge0\\x+2\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\x\le-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2\ge0\\x-5\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge2\\x\ne5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2-\sqrt{6}^2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}}{2\sqrt{6}-1}=\frac{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}\right)\left(2\sqrt{6}+1\right)}{2\sqrt{6}^2-1^2}=\frac{4\sqrt{3}+6\sqrt{2}+12+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{6}}{11}\)\(=\frac{\sqrt{6}+5\sqrt{3}+7\sqrt{2}+12}{11}\)
\(b,\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}}{\left(\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2-\sqrt{z}^2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}-\sqrt{z}}{x+2\sqrt{xy}+y-z}\)
a) \(\dfrac{14}{2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{14\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{14\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\left(2\sqrt{3}\right)^2-\sqrt{5^2}}=\dfrac{14\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{12-5}\)
\(=\dfrac{14\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)}{7}=2\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\)
\(=4\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{5}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2-y}{x-\sqrt{y}}=\dfrac{\left(x-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{y}\right)}{x-\sqrt{y}}=x+\sqrt{y}\)