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\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}-1}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}+1}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}-\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}^2-1^2}-\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{\sqrt{3}^2-1^2}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}^2-1^2}\)
\(=\frac{2}{3-1}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)
Quy đồng lên ta có:
\(\frac{\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}+1}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}\)
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức ta có
\(\frac{2}{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-1^2}=\frac{2}{3-1}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)
\(\frac{1}{1+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\frac{1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{\left(1+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
\(=\frac{2+\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{6}}{4}\)
\(a,\frac{2\sqrt{10}-5}{4-\sqrt{10}}=\frac{\left(2\sqrt{10}-5\right)\left(4+\sqrt{10}\right)}{\left(4-\sqrt{10}\right)\left(4+\sqrt{10}\right)}=\frac{20+6\sqrt{10}-5\sqrt{10}-9}{16-10}.\)
\(=\frac{11-\sqrt{10}}{6}\)
\(b,=\frac{\left(9-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}=\frac{\left(9-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{54-8}\)
\(=\frac{\left(9-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{46}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\\ =\frac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{1}=\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)}=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{2-3}=\frac{\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}}{-1}=-\left(\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{3}\right)=-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2}=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{2+2\sqrt{2\cdot3}+3-5}=\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{5+2\sqrt{6}-5}=\frac{\sqrt{6}\cdot\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)}{\sqrt{6}\cdot2\sqrt{6}}=\frac{2\sqrt{3}+3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{30}}{12}\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}}\) = \(\frac{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}}{5+2\sqrt{6}-5}\)
= \(\frac{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)}{12}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{10}{\sqrt{3}-1}\)
\(=\frac{10\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{3-1}=\frac{10\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{2}=5\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\)
\(=5\sqrt{3}+5\)