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a) \(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{10}{15}+\dfrac{9}{15}=\dfrac{19}{15}\)
a) \(\dfrac{7}{12}-\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{1}{12}=\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{2}{7}=\dfrac{14}{21}-\dfrac{6}{21}=\dfrac{8}{21}\)
B1:
\(\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3\times10}{4\times10}=\dfrac{30}{40}=\dfrac{75}{100};\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{4\times8}{5\times8}=\dfrac{32}{40}=\dfrac{80}{100}\\ Vì:\dfrac{30}{40}< \dfrac{31}{40}< \dfrac{32}{40}.Nên:\dfrac{3}{4}< \dfrac{31}{40}< \dfrac{4}{5}\\ Và:\dfrac{75}{100}< \dfrac{77}{100}< \dfrac{79}{100}< \dfrac{80}{100}.Nên:\dfrac{3}{4}< \dfrac{77}{100}< \dfrac{79}{100}< \dfrac{4}{5}\)
3 phân số nằm giữa 2 phân số \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) và \(\dfrac{4}{5}\) là: \(\dfrac{31}{40};\dfrac{77}{100};\dfrac{79}{100}\)
B2:
\(\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{3\times2}{5\times2}=\dfrac{6}{10};\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{4\times2}{5\times2}=\dfrac{8}{10}\)
Vì: 6<7<8. Nên phân số có mẫu số bằng 10, lớn hơn \(\dfrac{3}{5}\) và nhỏ hơn \(\dfrac{4}{5}\) là \(\dfrac{7}{10}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{6}{7}-\dfrac{6}{5}+\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)+\left(-\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{4}{5}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{6}-\dfrac{6}{7}-\dfrac{6}{5}\right)\)
\(=0+0+0+0-\dfrac{257}{210}\)
\(=\dfrac{257}{210}\)
\(3\dfrac{1}{2}+4\dfrac{5}{7}-5\dfrac{5}{14}\)
= \(\dfrac{7}{2}+\dfrac{33}{7}-\dfrac{75}{14}\)
= \(\dfrac{49}{14}+\dfrac{66}{14}-\dfrac{75}{14}\)
= \(\dfrac{40}{14}=\dfrac{20}{7}\)
\(4\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\div5\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=\(\dfrac{9}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\div\dfrac{11}{2}\)
=\(\dfrac{9}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}\times\dfrac{2}{11}\)
=\(\dfrac{9}{2}+\dfrac{1}{11}\)
=\(\dfrac{101}{22}\)
\(x\times3\dfrac{1}{3}=3\dfrac{1}{3}\div4\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(x\times\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{10}{3}\div\dfrac{17}{4}\)
\(x\times\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{10}{3}\times\dfrac{4}{17}\)
\(x\times\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{40}{51}\)
\(x=\dfrac{40}{51}\div\dfrac{10}{3}\)
\(x=\dfrac{40}{51}\times\dfrac{3}{10}\)
\(x=\dfrac{120}{510}=\dfrac{12}{51}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
\(5\dfrac{2}{3}\div x=3\dfrac{2}{3}-2\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{17}{3}\div x=\dfrac{11}{3}-\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{17}{3}\div x=\dfrac{7}{6}\)
\(x=\dfrac{17}{3}\div\dfrac{7}{6}\)
\(x=\dfrac{17}{3}\times\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(x=\dfrac{102}{21}=\dfrac{34}{7}\)
Bài 7: Tính
a) \(4\dfrac{2}{5}\times8\dfrac{3}{4}-2\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{22}{5}\times\dfrac{35}{4}-\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{77}{2}-\dfrac{11}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{143}{4}\)
b) \(2\dfrac{2}{3}+1\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{3}+\dfrac{7}{5}-\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{47}{15}-\dfrac{2}{15}\)
\(=\dfrac{45}{15}=3\)
c) \(3\dfrac{1}{3}-2\dfrac{2}{3}+1\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{10}{3}-\dfrac{8}{3}+\dfrac{11}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{11}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{15}{6}\)
a) \(...=\dfrac{19}{8}:\dfrac{15}{4}x\dfrac{8}{3}=\dfrac{19}{8}x\dfrac{4}{15}x\dfrac{8}{3}=\dfrac{76}{45}\)
b) \(...=\dfrac{3}{2}:\dfrac{7}{3}:\dfrac{17}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}x\dfrac{3}{7}x\dfrac{6}{17}=\dfrac{27}{119}\)
c) \(...=\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{7}{4}:\dfrac{12}{5}=\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{7}{4}x\dfrac{5}{12}=\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{35}{48}=\dfrac{14x16}{48}-\dfrac{35}{48}=\dfrac{224}{48}-\dfrac{35}{48}=\dfrac{189}{48}=\dfrac{63}{16}\)
\(a,2\dfrac{3}{8}:3\dfrac{3}{4}\times2\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{2\times8+3}{8}:\dfrac{3\times4+3}{4}\times\dfrac{2\times3+2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{19}{8}:\dfrac{15}{4}\times\dfrac{8}{3}\\ =\dfrac{19\times4\times8}{8\times15\times3}=\dfrac{76}{45}\)
\(b,1\dfrac{1}{2}:\dfrac{7}{3}:2\dfrac{5}{6}\\ =\dfrac{3}{2}:\dfrac{7}{3}:\dfrac{2\times6+5}{6}\\ =\dfrac{3}{2}\times\dfrac{3}{7}\times\dfrac{6}{17}\\ =\dfrac{54}{238}=\dfrac{27}{119}\)
\(c,4\dfrac{2}{3}-1\dfrac{3}{4}:2\dfrac{2}{5}\\ =\dfrac{4\times3+2}{3}-\dfrac{1\times4+3}{4}:\dfrac{2\times5+2}{5}\\ =\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{7}{4}:\dfrac{12}{5}\\ =\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{7}{4}.\dfrac{5}{12}\\ =\dfrac{14}{3}-\dfrac{35}{48}\\ =\dfrac{14\times16-35}{48}=\dfrac{189}{48}=\dfrac{63}{16}\)
\(2\dfrac{2}{5}-y:2\dfrac{3}{4}=1\dfrac{1}{2}\\ \dfrac{12}{5}-y:\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\ y:\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{12}{5}-\dfrac{3}{2}\\ y:\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{9}{10}\\ y=\dfrac{9}{10}\times\dfrac{11}{4}=\dfrac{99}{40}\\ b,1\dfrac{1}{4}+2\dfrac{1}{5}\times y=2\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{11}{5}\times y=\dfrac{13}{5}\\ \dfrac{11}{5}\times y=\dfrac{13}{5}-\dfrac{5}{4}\\ \dfrac{11}{5}\times y=\dfrac{27}{20}\\ y=\dfrac{27}{20}:\dfrac{11}{5}=\dfrac{27}{44}\)
\(c,2\dfrac{4}{5}-2\dfrac{1}{4}:y=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \dfrac{14}{5}-\dfrac{9}{4}:y=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \dfrac{9}{4}:y=\dfrac{14}{5}-\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \dfrac{9}{4}:y=\dfrac{41}{20}\\ y=\dfrac{9}{4}:\dfrac{41}{20}=\dfrac{45}{41}\\ c2,x:3\dfrac{1}{3}=2\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{7}{10}\\ x:\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{12}{5}+\dfrac{7}{10}\\ x:\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{31}{10}\\ x=\dfrac{31}{10}\times\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{31}{3}\)
`4 1/5 xx 2 1/4`
`= 21/5 xx 9/4`
`= 189/20`
__
`4 1/5 : 2 1/4`
`= 21/5 : 9/4`
`= 21/5 xx 4/9`
`=84/45`
`=28/15`
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`3 3/5 xx 1 2/3`
`= 18/5 xx 5/3`
`= 90/15`
`=6`
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`3 3/5 : 1 2/3`
`= 18/5 : 5/3`
`= 18/5 xx 3/5`
`=54/25`
\(4\dfrac{1}{5}\times2\dfrac{1}{4}\\ =\dfrac{21}{5}\times\dfrac{9}{4}\\ =\dfrac{21\times9}{5\times4}\\ =\dfrac{189}{20}\)
\(3\dfrac{3}{5}\times1\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{18}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{3}\\ =\dfrac{18\times5}{5\times3}\\ =\dfrac{90}{15}\\ =6\)
\(4\dfrac{1}{5}:2\dfrac{1}{4}\\ =\dfrac{21}{5}:\dfrac{9}{4}\\ =\dfrac{21}{5}\times\dfrac{4}{9}\\ =\dfrac{21\times4}{5\times9}\\ =\dfrac{84}{45}\\ =\dfrac{28}{15}\)
\(3\dfrac{3}{5}:1\dfrac{2}{3}\\ =\dfrac{18}{5}:\dfrac{5}{3}\\ =\dfrac{18}{5}\times\dfrac{3}{5}\\ =\dfrac{18\times3}{5\times5}\\ =\dfrac{54}{25}\)