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a/
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{1.3}+\dfrac{1}{2.4}+\dfrac{1}{3.5}+\dfrac{1}{4.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-2\right)n}+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-2}-\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
b/ \(u_n=\dfrac{1}{1^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{2^2+6}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2+3n}=\dfrac{1}{1.4}+\dfrac{1}{2.5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n\left(n+3\right)}\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{7}+...+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+3}\right)\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}-\dfrac{1}{n+2}-\dfrac{1}{n+3}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}-\dfrac{1}{n+2}-\dfrac{1}{n+3}\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=\dfrac{11}{18}\)
Ý bạn là dãy số này: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\u_{n+1}=u_n+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\u_{n+1}+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{n+1}=u_n+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(v_n=u_n+2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=u_1+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=2\\v_{n+1}=v_n\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow v_{n+1}=v_n=v_{n-1}=...=v_1=1\)
\(\Rightarrow v_n=v_1=1\Rightarrow u_n+2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n=1\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=1-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left[1-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n\right]=1-0=1\)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2^2-1}+\dfrac{1}{3^2-1}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(2-1\right)\left(2+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\cdot\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{2}{2\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{2}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2n+2}\)
\(\lim\limits u_n=\lim\limits\left(\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2n+2}\right)\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{3}{4}-\lim\limits\dfrac{1}{2n+2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}-\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{n}}{2+\dfrac{1}{n}}\)
=3/4
=>Chọn A
ta có : \(u_n=\frac{1+2^m}{2^m}\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\left(\frac{1+2^m}{2^m}\right)=lim\left(1+\frac{1}{2^m}\right)=1\)
a) Xét hiệu un+1 - un = - 2 - (
- 2) =
-
.
Vì <
nên un+1 - un =
-
< 0 với mọi n ε N* .
Vậy dãy số đã cho là dãy số giảm.
b) Xét hiệu un+1 - un =
=
Vậy un+1 > un với mọi n ε N* hay dãy số đã cho là dãy số tăng.
c) Các số hạng ban đầu vì có thừa số (-1)n, nên dãy số dãy số không tăng và cũng không giảm.
d) Làm tương tự như câu a) và b) hoặc lập tỉ số (vì un > 0 với mọi n ε N* ) rồi so sánh với 1.
Ta có
với mọi n ε N*
Vậy dãy số đã cho là dãy số giảm
TenAnh1 TenAnh1 A = (-4.36, -5.2) A = (-4.36, -5.2) A = (-4.36, -5.2) B = (11, -5.2) B = (11, -5.2) B = (11, -5.2)
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{1\cdot3}+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{2n+1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)=\dfrac{3n^2+n-1}{4n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow limu_n=lim\dfrac{3n^2+n-1}{4n^2+4n}=lim\dfrac{3+\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{4+\dfrac{4}{n}}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{n^2-1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
Khi đó:
\(u_n=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-2}-\dfrac{1}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\right)=\dfrac{3n^2+3n+2}{4n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(lim_{u_n}=lim\dfrac{3n^2+3n+2}{4n\left(n+1\right)}=lim\dfrac{3+\dfrac{3}{n}+\dfrac{2}{n^2}}{4\left(1+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)