Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
a; A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{n^2}\))
A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{n.n}\))
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\); ...; \(\dfrac{1}{n.n}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
nên A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4.}\)(1 + \(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{n-1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(1 + 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(2 - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4n}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{7^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}\)
Ta có : \(\left(2n+1\right)^2=4n^2+4n+1>4n^2+4n\Leftrightarrow\left(2n+1\right)^2>2n\left(2n+2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{3^2}< \frac{1}{2.4}\\\frac{1}{5^2}< \frac{1}{4.6}\\\frac{1}{7^2}< \frac{1}{6.8}\end{cases}}\)
\(...............\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{7^2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n+1\right)^2}< \frac{1}{2.4}+\frac{1}{4.6}+\frac{1}{6.8}+...+\frac{1}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}=B\)
\(=\frac{4-2}{2.4}+\frac{6-4}{4.6}+\frac{8-6}{6.8}+...+\frac{2n+2-2n}{2n\left(2n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{6}+\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{8}+...+\frac{1}{2n}-\frac{1}{2n+2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2n+2}< \frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< B< \frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}\) hay đpcm
Lời giải:
Xét số hạng tổng quát \(\frac{1}{n^3}\)
\((n-1)(n+1)=n^2-1< n^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (n-1)n(n+1)< n^3\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{(n-1)n(n+1)}>\frac{1}{n^3}\)
Thay $n=2,3,4,.....$. Khi đó ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+....+\frac{1}{n^3}<\underbrace{ \frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+....+\frac{1}{(n-1)n(n+1)}}_{A}(*)\)
Mà:
\(2A=\frac{3-1}{1.2.3}+\frac{4-2}{2.3.4}+....+\frac{(n+1)-(n-1)}{(n-1)n(n+1)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+....+\frac{1}{(n-1)n}-\frac{1}{n(n+1)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{n(n+1)}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{4}(**)\)
Từ \((*) ;(**)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{3^3}+....+\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{4}\)
Ta có đpcm.
\(\frac{1}{3^3}< \frac{1}{2.3.4}\) \(\frac{1}{4^3}< \frac{1}{3.4.5}\) \(\frac{1}{5^3}< \frac{1}{4.5.6}\) ..... \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2.3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4.5}+\frac{1}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{2.3.4}+\frac{2}{3.4.5}+\frac{2}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{2}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{4-2}{2.3.4}+\frac{5-3}{3.4.5}+\frac{6-4}{4.5.6}+...+\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{4.5}-\frac{1}{5.6}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B< \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{6}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)=\frac{1}{12}-\frac{1}{2n\left(n+1\right)}< \frac{1}{12}\)
\(\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1.2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}\) \(< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{n^2}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right).n}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)}-\frac{1}{n}\)
\(A< 1-\frac{1}{n}< 1-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{1}{2}< \frac{2}{3}\)
đpcm
Ta có \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{n^3-n}=\frac{1}{n\left(n^2-1\right)}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{1^3}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{1^3}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P< \frac{1}{1^3}+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P< 1+\frac{1}{2^3}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{2.3}=1+\frac{1}{8}+\frac{1}{12}=\frac{29}{24}< \frac{65}{54}\)