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\(\sum\dfrac{x^4y}{x^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{x^3.\dfrac{1}{z}}{x^2+xyz}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{z\left(x+yz\right)}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{xz+1}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy-schwarz:
\(Vt=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{xz+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz+3}\)
mà theo AM-GM: \(xy+yz+xz\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}=3\)
hay \(3\le xy+yz+xz\)
do đó \(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
P/s: Câu này khoai
Bài 1 :
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{3a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{2}{b^2+3ab}=\dfrac{1}{3a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{4}{2b^2+6ab}\)
Theo BĐT Cô - Si dưới dạng engel ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{3a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{4}{2b^2+6ab}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{3a^2+6ab+3b^2}=\dfrac{9}{3\left(a+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{9}{3.1}=3\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi : \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:\(\frac{4+4\sqrt{1+x^2}}{4x}\le\frac{4+5+x^2}{4x}=\)\(\frac{x^2+9}{4x}\)Tương tự ta đc P\(\le\frac{x+y+z}{4}+\frac{9}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{4}\left(\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\right)\)\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{9}{4}\cdot\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(=x+y+z\)
Dấu '='xảy ra <=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=xyz\\x=y=z\end{cases}\Rightarrow x=y=z=}\)\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Bài 1:
\((x,y,z)=(\frac{2a^2}{bc}; \frac{2b^2}{ca}; \frac{2c^2}{ab})\) (\(a,b,c>0\) )
Khi đó:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}}{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}+\frac{4a^2}{bc}+1}+\frac{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}}{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}+\frac{4b^2}{ca}+4}+\frac{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}+\frac{4c^2}{ab}+4}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a^4+a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^4+b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^4+c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^2bc+b^2ac+c^2ab+(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}\)
(Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_Schwarz)
Theo BĐT Cauchy dễ thấy:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq a^2bc+b^2ca+c^2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=2$
Bài 2:
Đặt \((x,y,z)=\left(\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c}; \frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}-1\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}-1\right)\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+c-b)(b+a-c)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+b+a-c}{2}\right)^2=a^2\)
\((b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{b+a-c+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=b^2\)
\((a+c-b)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=c^2\)
Nhân theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow [(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)]^2\leq (abc)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq abc\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq 1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=1$
\(xy+yz+xz=xyz\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Schwarz:
\(\dfrac{1}{4x+3y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
CMTT\(\Rightarrow\) \(M\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{8}{x}+\dfrac{8}{y}+\dfrac{8}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Dấu''=" xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=3\)
Giả thiết thiếu rồi em, chỗ \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+...\) thiếu đoạn sau nữa
Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+1}=1\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Thật vậy, ta có:
\(1=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+1}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca\le\dfrac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)