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Bài 1:ta có BĐt \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)vì nó tương đương với \(\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng với a,b>0)
Áp dụng vào bài toán:
\(\dfrac{a^3+b^3}{2ab}+\dfrac{b^3+c^3}{2bc}+\dfrac{c^3+a^3}{2ac}\ge\dfrac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{2ab}+\dfrac{bc\left(b+c\right)}{2bc}+\dfrac{ca\left(c+a\right)}{2ac}=a+b+c\)dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
bài 2:
cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{a-b}{b+c}+\dfrac{b-c}{c+d}+\dfrac{c-d}{d+a}+\dfrac{d-a}{a+b}\ge0\)
hay \(\dfrac{a-b}{b+c}+1+\dfrac{b-c}{c+d}+1+\dfrac{c-d}{d+a}+1+\dfrac{d-a}{a+b}+1\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+d}{c+d}+\dfrac{c+a}{d+a}+\dfrac{d+b}{a+b}\ge4\)
xét \(VT=\left(a+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+d}\right)+\left(b+d\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{c+d}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy dạng phân thức:
\(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+d}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b+c+d};\dfrac{1}{c+d}+\dfrac{1}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b+c+d}\)
do đó \(VT\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+c\right)}{a+b+c+d}+\dfrac{4\left(b+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=4\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=d
\(A=\dfrac{a^3}{b+c+d}+\dfrac{b^3}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{c^3}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{d^3}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^4}{ab+ac+ad}+\dfrac{b^4}{ab+bc+bd}+\dfrac{c^4}{ac+bc+cd}+\dfrac{d^4}{ad+bd+cd}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2\right)^2}{2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\) (bđt Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel)
Cần chứng minh \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2}{2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+3d^2\ge2\left(ab+ac+ad+bc+bd+cd\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(a-d\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-d\right)^2\ge0\) *đúng*
Vậy ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = d
\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{ab}{cd}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)cd=ab\left(c^2+d^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2cd-b^2cd=abc^2+abd^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2cd-abc^2-abd^2+b^2cd=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(ad-bc\right)-bd\left(ad-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ac-bd\right)\left(ad-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ac-bd=0\\ad-bc=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}ac=bd\\ad=bc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{d}{c}\\\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐPCM)
Sửa đề: \(1< \dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}< 2\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c+d}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}>\dfrac{b}{a+b+c+d}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}>\dfrac{c}{a+b+c+d}\) (3)
\(\dfrac{d}{c+b+d}>\dfrac{d}{a+b+c+d}\) (4)
Từ (1)(2)(3)(4) =>\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}>\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì a<a+b+c)
\(\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}< \dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì b<a+b+d)
\(\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}< \dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì c<c+a+d)
\(\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}< \dfrac{d+a}{a+b+c+d}\)(Vì d<d+b+c)
=>\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+d}+\dfrac{c}{a+c+d}+\dfrac{d}{b+c+d}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\\ \text{Vậy 1< ...< 2}\)
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Cho a,b,c,d >0 .CMR: a/(b+c) + b/(c+d) + c/(d+a) + d/( a+b)? | Yahoo Hỏi & Đáp
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