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Ta có: \(x^2+y^2=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=1\) (1)
Thay (1) vào \(\frac{x^4}{a}+\frac{y^4}{b}=\frac{1}{a+b}\) ta được:
\(\frac{x^4}{a}+\frac{y^4}{b}=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^4b+y^4a}{ab}=\frac{x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4b+y^4a\right)\left(a+b\right)=\left(x^4+2x^2y^2+y^4\right)ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4ab+x^4b^2+y^4a^2+y^4ab=x^4ab+2x^2y^2ab+y^4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4b^2+y^4a^2=2x^2y^2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2b\right)^2-2x^2y^2ab+\left(y^2a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2b-y^2a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2b-y^2a=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2b=y^2a\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2}{a}=\frac{y^2}{b}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{a+b}=\frac{1}{a+b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{x^2}{a}\right)^{1009}=\left(\frac{y^2}{b}\right)^{1009}=\left(\frac{1}{a+b}\right)^{1009}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^{2018}}{a^{1009}}=\frac{y^{2018}}{b^{1009}}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^{1009}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^{2018}}{a^{1009}}+\frac{y^{2018}}{b^{1009}}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^{1009}}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^{1009}}=\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^{1009}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ad C-S
\(\dfrac{x^4}{a}+\dfrac{y^4}{b}=\dfrac{\left(x^2\right)^2}{a}+\dfrac{\left(x^2\right)^2}{b}\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
\(x^{2018}+y^{2018}\ge x^{2017}+y^{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^{2018}+y^{2018}\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)\left(x^{2017}+y^{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^{2018}+y^{2018}\right)\ge2\left(x^{2017}+y^{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^{2018}+y^{2018}\right)-\left(x+y\right)\left(x^{2017}+y^{2017}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^{2017}-y^{2017}\right)\)\(\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y\ge0\\x^{2017}-y^{2017}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x\ge y\)
Vậy với \(x\ge y\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(x^{2017}+y^{2017}\le x^{2018}+y^{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(x^{2017}+y^{2017}\right)\le2\left(x^{2018}+y^{2018}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy^{2017}+x^{2017}y\le x^{2018}+y^{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2018}-x^{2017}y-xy^{2017}+y^{2018}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2017}\left(x-y\right)-y^{2017}\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^{2017}-y^{2017}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x^{2016}+x^{2015}y+...+y^{2016}\right)\ge0\)
Đến đây dễ rồi bạn tự làm tiếp nhê
\(x^{2018}+1+...+1"\ge2018\sqrt[2018]{x^{2018}.1.111}=2018x.\) " 2017 số 1 nha
tương tự với y
\(y^{2018}+1+..+1\ge2018y\)
\(z^{2018}+1+1..+1\ge2018z\)
+ vế với vế ta được
\(x^{2018}+y^{2018}+z^{2018}+6051\ge2018\left(x+y+z\right)\)
có x^2018+..+z^2018=3 suy ra
\(6054\ge2018\left(x+y+z\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{6054}{2018}\ge\left(x+y+z\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\le3\)
max của x+y+z là 3 dấu = khi x=y=z=1
Ta có:
\(\left(x^{2018}+1008\right)+\left(y^{2018}+1008\right)+\left(z^{2018}+1008\right)\ge1009\left(\sqrt[1009]{x^{2018}}+\sqrt[1009]{y^{2018}}+\sqrt[1009]{z^{2018}}\right)\)
\(=1009\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\le\frac{1008.3+3}{1009}=3\)
mình sửa đề nhé~
Có: \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2xy+2yz+2xz\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\forall x;y;z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\forall x;y;z\)
Mà \(3.\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left(z-x\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\x=z\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Có: \(x^{2018}+y^{2018}+z^{2018}=27^{673}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3.x^{2018}=27^{673}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^{2018}=3^{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
đến đây bạn tự làm nốt nhé
Lời giải:
Quy nạp. Ta chứng minh tổng quát rằng \(a^k+b^k=x^k+y^k(*)\) với \(k\in\mathbb{N}\)
Với $k=1,k=2$: hiển nhiên theo giả thiết.
............
Giả sử điều \((*)\) đúng tới $k=n$. Ta sẽ chứng minh nó cũng đúng với $k=n+1$. Tức là \(a^{n+1}+b^{n+1}=x^{n+1}+y^{n+1}\)
Thật vậy:
\(a^{n+1}+b^{n+1}=(a^n+b^n)(a+b)-a^nb-ab^n\)
\(=(x^n+y^n)(x+y)-ab(a^{n-1}+b^{n-1})\)
\(=(x^n+y^n)(x+y)-ab(x^{n-1}+y^{n-1})\)
Vì \(a^2+b^2=x^2+y^2\Rightarrow (a+b)^2-2ab=(x+y)^2-2xy\)
Mà $a+b=x+y$ nên \(2ab=2xy\Rightarrow ab=xy\)
\(\Rightarrow a^{n+1}+b^{n+1}=(x^n+y^n)(x+y)-xy(x^{n-1}+y^{n-1})=x^{n+1}+y^{n+1}\)
Quy nạp hoàn thành. Ta luôn có $(*)$. Thay $k=2018$ ta có đpcm.