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\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+....+\dfrac{1}{200^2}>\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{199.200}=\dfrac{199}{200}>\dfrac{3}{4}\)
A=1+\(\dfrac{1+2}{2}+\dfrac{1+2+3}{3}+........+\dfrac{1+2+.......+200}{200}\)
A=1+\(\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(1+2\right).2}{2}}{2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(1+3\right).3}{2}}{3}+.......+\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(1+200\right).200}{2}}{200}\)
A=\(\dfrac{2}{2}\)+\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)+......+\(\dfrac{200}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{2+3+.......+200}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(2+200\right).\text{[}\left(200-2\right):1+1\text{]}}{2}}{2}\)=\(\dfrac{19701}{2}\)
\(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{199}-\dfrac{1}{200}\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{199}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+..+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{199}+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{199}+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{101}+...+\dfrac{1}{199}+\dfrac{1}{200}\)
a, tổng các tử và mẫu mỗi phân sô trên đều bằng 200
b, \(A=\dfrac{1}{199}+\dfrac{2}{198}+\dfrac{3}{197}+...+\dfrac{198}{2}+\dfrac{199}{1}\)
\(A=\dfrac{200}{199}+\dfrac{200}{198}+...+\dfrac{200}{2}+\dfrac{200}{200}\)
\(A=200\left(\dfrac{1}{199}+\dfrac{1}{198}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)(đpcm)
Giải
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\dfrac{1}{20^2}< \dfrac{1}{19.20}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)D < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19.20}\)
Nhận xét: \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}=1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};\dfrac{1}{3.4}=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4};...;\dfrac{1}{19.20}=\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{20}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) D< 1- \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}-\dfrac{1}{20}\)
D< 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{20}\)
D< \(\dfrac{19}{20}\)<1
\(\Rightarrow\)D< 1
Vậy D=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^2}\)<1
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2.1}+\dfrac{1}{2^2.2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2.2^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2.2^2}\)
A=\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{50^2}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.3}+...+\dfrac{1}{50.50}\right)\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2};\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3};\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4};...;\dfrac{1}{50.50}< \dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\right)\)Nhận xét :
\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}< 1-\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2.3}< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3};...;\dfrac{1}{49.50}< \dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
A<\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
A<\(\dfrac{1}{4}.\dfrac{49}{50}\)<1
A<\(\dfrac{49}{200}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{200-\left(3+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{2}{5}+............+\dfrac{2}{100}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{4}+.................+\dfrac{99}{100}}\)
\(=\dfrac{200-2-\left(\dfrac{2}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{4}+.............+\dfrac{2}{100}\right)}{1-\dfrac{1}{2}+1-\dfrac{1}{3}+............+1-\dfrac{1}{100}}\)
\(=\dfrac{198-\left(\dfrac{2}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+...........+\dfrac{2}{100}\right)}{\left(1+1+.........+1\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+........+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2.\left[99-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+..........+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)\right]}{99-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+.........+\dfrac{1}{100}\right)}\)
\(=2\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{200-\left(3+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{2}{4}+..........+\dfrac{2}{100}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{3}+........+\dfrac{99}{100}}=2\rightarrowđpcm\)
\(S^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{199}{200}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{199}{200}\right)\\ \text{Ta có:}\\ \dfrac{1}{2}< \dfrac{2}{3}\\ \dfrac{3}{4}< \dfrac{4}{5}\\ \dfrac{5}{6}< \dfrac{6}{7}\\ ...\\ \dfrac{199}{200}< \dfrac{200}{201}\\ \Rightarrow S^2< \left(\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{199}{200}\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{6}{7}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{200}{201}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow S^2< \dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot...\cdot\dfrac{199}{200}\cdot\dfrac{200}{201}\\ \Leftrightarrow S^2< \dfrac{1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot...\cdot200}{2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot...\cdot201}\\ \Leftrightarrow S^2< \dfrac{1}{201}< \dfrac{1}{200}\)
Vậy ...
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{199}+\dfrac{2}{198}+...+\dfrac{198}{2}+\dfrac{199}{1}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{199}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{198}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{198}{2}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{199}{1}+1\right)-199\)\(=\dfrac{200}{199}+\dfrac{200}{199}+...+\dfrac{200}{2}+200-199\)
\(=\dfrac{200}{199}+\dfrac{200}{198}+...+\dfrac{200}{2}+\dfrac{200}{200}\)
\(=200\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{200}\right)\)
\(=200.A\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{A}{B}=\dfrac{1}{200}\)
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