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đặt \(A=\frac{b+c+5}{a+1}+\frac{c+a+4}{b+2}+\frac{a+b+3}{c+3}\)
\(=\frac{12-\left(a+1\right)}{a+1}+\frac{12-\left(b+2\right)}{b+2}+\frac{12-\left(c+3\right)}{c+3}\)
\(=\frac{12}{a+1}+\frac{12}{b+2}+\frac{12}{c+3}-3\ge\frac{108}{a+b+c+1+2+3}-3=\frac{108}{12}-3=6\)(Q.E.D)
dấu = xảy ra khi a+1=b+2=c+3<=>a=3;b=2;c=1
\(\text{ Nếu: a}< 1\text{ thì: }b+c=5-a;b^2+c^2=\left(3-a\right)\left(3+a\right)\)
\(\text{ta có:}9-a^2\ge\left(25-10a+a^2\right):2\Leftrightarrow18-2a^2\ge25-10a+a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10a-7-3a^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow-3a^2+3a+7a-7=-3a\left(a-1\right)+7\left(a-1\right)=\left(7-3a\right)\left(a-1\right)\ge0\)
do đó: a >=1
Bài 6 . Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ ( a + b)2 ≥ 4ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)≥ ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) ( 1 )
CMTT , ta cũng được : \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) ( 2) ; \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)( 3)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
Bài 4.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương a , b, c , ta có :
\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0) ( 1)
\(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}\) ( b > 0 ; c > 0) ( 2)
\(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}\) ( a > 0 ; c > 0) ( 3)
Nhân từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) , ta được :
\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\) ≥ \(8\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}=8\)
Ta có :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge3+2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{c}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{b}}=3+2+2+2=9\)
Dấu bằng của BĐT xảy ra khi a = b= c = 1/3
1) \(\Sigma\frac{a}{b^3+ab}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{b}-\frac{b}{a+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\frac{1}{a}-\Sigma\frac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}=\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1\right)+\Sigma\frac{3}{2\sqrt{a}}-3\)
\(\ge\Sigma\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\frac{27}{2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}-3\ge\frac{27}{2\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)}}-3=\frac{3}{2}\)