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1. \(A=2x^2-6x-2xy+y^2+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) ; \(\left(x-3\right)^2\ge0\)\(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-3\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^2=0\\\left(x-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
Vậy minA = 1 \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=3\)
2. \(A=5+2xy+14y-x^2-5y^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2+2x-2y+1\right)-\left(4y^2-12y+9\right)+15\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\le15\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(2y-3\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy maxA = 15 \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{2}\\y=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1. A=2x2−6x−2xy+y2+10A=2x2−6x−2xy+y2+10
⇔A=(x2−2xy+y2)+(x2−6x+9)+1⇔A=(x2−2xy+y2)+(x2−6x+9)+1
⇔A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1⇔A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1
Vì (x−y)2≥0(x−y)2≥0 ; (x−3)2≥0(x−3)2≥0∀x;y∀x;y
⇒A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1≥1⇒A=(x−y)2+(x−3)2+1≥1
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔{(x−y)2=0(x−3)2=0⇔x=y=3⇔{(x−y)2=0(x−3)2=0⇔x=y=3
Vậy minA = 1 ⇔x=y=3⇔x=y=3
2. A=5+2xy+14y−x2−5y2−2xA=5+2xy+14y−x2−5y2−2x
⇔A=−(x2−2xy+y2+2x−2y+1)−(4y2−12y+9)+15⇔A=−(x2−2xy+y2+2x−2y+1)−(4y2−12y+9)+15
⇔A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15⇔A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15
Vì {(x−y+1)2≥0(2y−3)2≥0{(x−y+1)2≥0(2y−3)2≥0∀x;y∀x;y
⇒A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15≤15⇒A=−(x−y+1)2−(2y−3)2+15≤15
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔{(x−y+1)2=0(2y−3)2=0⇔{x−y=−1y=32⇔{x=12y=32⇔{(x−y+1)2=0(2y−3)2=0⇔{x−y=−1y=32⇔{x=12y=32
Vậy maxA = 15 ⇔{x=12y=32
1) \(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}=14\Leftrightarrow a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+2a.\frac{1}{a}=16\Leftrightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=16\Rightarrow a+\frac{1}{a}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)=a^3+\frac{1}{a}+a+\frac{1}{a^3}=a^3+4+\frac{1}{a^3}=4.14=56\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+\frac{1}{a^3}=52\)
Ta có : \(\left(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\right)\left(a^3+\frac{1}{a^3}\right)=a^5+\frac{1}{a}+a+\frac{1}{a^5}=a^5+4+\frac{1}{a^5}=14.52\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+\frac{1}{a^5}=14.52-4=724\)
2) \(A=2xy-x^2-4y^2+2x+10y-2000\)
\(=\left(-x^2+2xy-y^2\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)+\left(-3y^2+12y-12\right)-1988\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2+2\left(x-y\right)-1-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-1987\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2-1987\le-1987\forall x;y\) có GTLN là 2013
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3\\y=2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=-1987\) tại \(x=3;y=2\)
A = -x2 - 3y2 - 2xy + 10x + 14y - 18
A = -x2 - y2 -25 + 10x +10y -2xy -2y2 + 4y -2 + 9
A = -(x2 + y2 + ( -5 )2 - 10x - 10y + 2xy ) - 2 (y2 - 2y + 1 ) + 9
A = -( x + y - 5 )2 - 2 ( y - 1 )2 + 9
-( x + y - 5 )2 \(\le\)0 ; - 2 ( y - 1 )2 \(\le\)0
\(\Rightarrow\)A \(\le\)0 + 0 + 9 = 9
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-5=0\\y-1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=1\end{cases}}}\)
\(A=\left(-x^2-2xy-y^2\right)-2y^2+\left(10x+10y\right)+4y-18\)
\(=-\left(x+y\right)^2+2\left(x+y\right).5-\left(2y^2-4y+2\right)-16\)
\(=-\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right).5+5^2\right]-2\left(y-1\right)^2+9\)
\(=-\left(x+y-5\right)^2-2\left(y-1\right)^2+9\le9\forall x;y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y-5=0\\y=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5-y\\y=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=9\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=4\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
gợi ý nhé:
[-(x-y)2-10(x-y)-25] - 2(y-1)2 + 2010
= -[(x-y)+5]2 - 2(y-1)2 + 2010
tự cậu suy ra MAX nhé
chưa hiểu thì hỏi nhé
\(A=-\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^2-y+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{8089}{4}\)
\(A=-\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{8089}{4}\)
Do \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x+y\right)^2\le0\\-\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) ; \(\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\dfrac{8089}{4};\forall x;y\)
Vậy \(A_{max}=\dfrac{8089}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\y-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-3\)
\(=-x^2+2xy-y^2+2x-2y-1-3y^2+12y-12+10\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-2x+2y+1\right)-3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+10\)
\(=-\left(x-y-1\right)^2-3\left(y-2\right)^2+10< =10\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=y+1=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(B=-4x^2-5y^2+8xy+10y+12\)
\(=-4x^2+8xy-4y^2-y^2+10y-25+37\)
\(=-4\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(y^2-10y+25\right)+37\)
\(=-4\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(y-5\right)^2+37< =37\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-5=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=y=5
Bài 1.
a) A = -x2 - 4x - 2 = -( x2 + 4x + 4 ) + 2 = -( x + 2 )2 + 2
\(-\left(x+2\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x+2\right)^2+2\le2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 2 = 0 => x = -2
=> MaxA = 2 <=> x = -2
b) B = -2x2 - 3x + 5 = -2( x2 + 3/2x + 9/16 ) + 49/8 = -2( x + 3/4 )2 + 49/8
\(-2\left(x+\frac{3}{4}\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-2\left(x+\frac{3}{4}\right)^2+\frac{49}{8}\le\frac{49}{8}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 3/4 = 0 => x = -3/4
=> MaxB = 49/8 <=> x = -3/4
c) C = ( 2 - x )( x + 4 ) = -x2 - 2x + 8 = -( x2 + 2x + 1 ) + 9 = -( x + 1 )2 + 9
\(-\left(x+1\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x+1\right)^2+9\le9\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x + 1 = 0 => x = -1
=> MaxC = 9 <=> x = -1
d) D = -8x2 + 4xy - y2 + 3 = -( 4x2 - 4xy + y2 ) - 4x2 + 3 = -( 2x - y )2 - 4x2 + 3
\(\hept{\begin{cases}-\left(2x-y\right)^2\le0\forall x,y\\-4x^2\le0\forall x\end{cases}}\Rightarrow-\left(2x-y\right)^2-4x^2+3\le3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-y=0\\4x=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=y=0\)
=> MaxD = 3 <=> x = y = 0
Bài 2.
a) A = x2 - 2x + 5 = ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + 4 = ( x - 1 )2 + 4
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1 = 0 => x = 1
=> MinA = 4 <=> x = 1
b) B = x2 - x + 1 = ( x2 - 2.1/2.x + 1/4 ) + 3/4 = ( x - 1/2 )2 + 3/4
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x - 1/2 = 0 => x = 1/2
=> MinB = 3/4 <=> x = 1/2
c) C = ( x - 1 )( x + 2 )( x + 3 )( x + 6 )
C = [( x - 1 )( x + 6 )][( x + 2 )( x + 3)]
C = [ x2 + 5x - 6 ][ x2 + 5x + 6 ]
C = [ ( x2 + 5x ) - 6 ][ ( x2 + 5x ) + 6 ]
C = ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36
\(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(x^2+5x=0\Rightarrow x\left(x+5\right)=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
=> MinC = -36 <=> x = 0 hoặc x = -5
d) D = x2 + 5y2 - 2xy + 4y + 3
D = ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) + ( 4y2 + 4y + 1 ) + 2
D = ( x - y )2 + ( 2y + 1 )2 + 2
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\\\left(2y+1\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\2y+1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x=y=-\frac{1}{2}\)
=> MinD = 2 <=> x = y = -1/2
\(A=5+2xy+14y-x^2-5y^2-2x\)
\(A=-x^2+2xy-2x-y^2+2y-1-4y^2+12y-9+15\)
\(A=-\left[x^2-2x\left(y-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)^2\right]-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\)
\(A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\)
Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-y+1\right)^2\le0\\-\left(2y-3\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow A=-\left(x-y+1\right)^2-\left(2y-3\right)^2+15\le15\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(y=\dfrac{3}{2};x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(A_{min}=15\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)