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B=1/2+(1/2)^2+................+(1/2)^100
=>1/2B=(1/2)^2+(1/2)^3+............+(1/2)^101
=>1/2B-B=(1/2^2+..............+1/2^101)-(1/2+..............+1/2^100)
=>1/2B-B=1/2^2+..............+1/2^101-1/2-..............-1/2^100
=>1/2B-B=1/2^101+(1/2^2-1/2^2)+................+(1/2^100-1/2^100)-1/2
=>1/2B-B=1/2^101+0+............+0-1/2
=>-1/2B=1/2^101-1/2
=>B=1/2^101-1/2
__________
-1/2
=>B<1
a)ta có 3B=1+1/3+1/3^2+........+1/3^2003+1/3^2004
B= 1/3+1/3^2+........+1/3^2003+1/3^2004+1/3^2005
suy ra 2B=1-1/3^2005
suy ra B=\(\frac{1-\frac{1}{3}^{2005}}{2}\)
suy ra B=1/2-1/3^2005/2 bé hơn 1/2
từ đấy suy ra B bé hơn 1/2
C=\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
3C=3.( \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\) )
3C-C=( \(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\) ) - ( \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\) )
2C= 1 - \(\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)< 1
\(\Rightarrow\)C= \(\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\div2\)<\(\frac{1}{2}\)
Điều Phải Chứng Minh
Ta có:
\(M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M-M=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+...+\frac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2M=1-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\left(1-\frac{1}{3^{98}}\right):2\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3^{98}.2}< \frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)