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20A=20/1.21+20/2.22+...+20/80.100
=1-1/21+1/2-1/22+...+1/80-1/100
=(1+1/2+...+1/80)-(1/21+1/22+...+1/100)
80B=80/1.81+80/2.82+...+8/20.100
=1-1/81+1/2-1/82+...+1/20-1/100
=(1+1/2+...+1/20)-(1/81+1/82+...+1/100)
=(1+1/2+1/3+...+1/20+1/21+1/22+...+1/80)-(1/21+1/22+...1/80+1/81+1/82+...1/100)
=>20A=80B
=>A=4B
ta có: \(A=\frac{1}{1.21}+\frac{1}{2.22}+\frac{1}{3.23}+...+\frac{1}{80.100}\)
\(20A=\frac{20}{1.21}+\frac{20}{2.22}+\frac{20}{2.23}+...+\frac{20}{80.100}\)
\(20A=1-\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+\frac{1}{83}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
lại có: \(B=\frac{1}{1.81}+\frac{1}{2.82}+\frac{1}{3.83}+...+\frac{1}{20.100}\)
\(80B=\frac{80}{1.81}+\frac{80}{2.82}+\frac{80}{3.83}+...+\frac{80}{20.100}\)
\(80B=1-\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{82}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{83}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(80B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+\frac{1}{83}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
Vậy 20A = 80B
=> \(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{80}{20}=4\)
\(A=\frac{1}{1.21}+\frac{1}{2.22}+\frac{1}{3.23}+...+\frac{1}{80.100}\)
\(20A=\frac{20}{1.21}+\frac{20}{2.22}+\frac{20}{3.23}+...+\frac{20}{80.100}\)
\(20A=1-\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)(1)
Lại có :
\(B=\frac{1}{1.81}+\frac{1}{2.82}+\frac{1}{3.83}+...+\frac{1}{20.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow80B=\frac{80}{1.81}+\frac{80}{2.82}+...+\frac{80}{20.100}\)
\(80B=1-\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(80B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) , suy ra : \(20A=80B\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{80}{20}=4\)
Câu 2:
\(20A=\frac{20}{1.21}+\frac{20}{2.22}+\frac{20}{3.23}+...+\frac{20}{80.100}\)
\(20A=1-\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{22}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{23}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(20A=1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\) (1)
Lại có:
\(B=\frac{1}{1.81}+\frac{1}{2.82}+...+\frac{1}{20.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow80B=\frac{80}{1.81}+\frac{80}{2.82}+...+\frac{80}{20.100}\)
\(80B=1-\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(80B=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(20A=80B\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{80}{20}=4\)
Câu 1:
\(\frac{x}{16}-\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{32}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy-16}{16y}=\frac{1}{32}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{xy-16}{y}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2xy-32=y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right).y=32\)
Tới đây ta nhận xét do \(2x-1\) luôn lẻ với mọi x nguyên nên \(2x-1\) là ước lẻ của 32
\(\Rightarrow2x-1=\left\{1;-1\right\}\)
Vậy: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=1\\y=32\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=32\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=-1\\y=-32\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-32\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có 2 cặp số nguyên thỏa mãn là \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;32\right);\left(0;-32\right)\)
3. + \(20A=\frac{21-1}{1\cdot21}+\frac{22-2}{2\cdot22}+...+\frac{100-80}{80\cdot100}\)
\(\Rightarrow20A=1-\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{80}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow20A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{80}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{21}+\frac{1}{22}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{20}\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\right]\)
+ \(80B=\frac{81-1}{1\cdot81}+\frac{82-2}{2\cdot82}+...+\frac{100-2}{20\cdot100}\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{20}-\frac{1}{100}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{80}\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{20}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{81}+\frac{1}{82}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\right]\)
Do đó : \(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\frac{1}{20}}{\frac{1}{80}}=4\)
4. + \(A=\frac{3}{2}\cdot\frac{4}{3}\cdot\frac{5}{4}\cdot...\cdot\frac{100}{99}\)
\(=\frac{3\cdot4\cdot5\cdot...\cdot100}{2\cdot3\cdot4\cdot...\cdot99}=\frac{100}{2}=50\)
quá dễ dàng
1.
\(A=\frac{1}{199}+\frac{2}{198}+...+\frac{199}{1}\)
cộng 1 vào mỗi phân số trong 198 phân số đầu, trừ phân số cuối đi 198 ta được :
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{199}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2}{198}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{199}{1}-198\right)\)
\(A=\frac{200}{199}+\frac{200}{198}+...+1\)
\(A=\frac{200}{199}+\frac{200}{198}+...+\frac{200}{200}\)
đưa phân số cuối lên đầu ta được :
\(A=\frac{200}{200}+\frac{200}{199}+\frac{200}{198}+...+\frac{200}{2}\)
\(A=200.\left(\frac{1}{200}+\frac{1}{199}+\frac{1}{198}+...+\frac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{200.\left(\frac{1}{200}+\frac{1}{199}+\frac{1}{198}+...+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{200}}=200\)
2.
\(A=\frac{1}{1.400}+\frac{1}{2.401}+\frac{1}{3.402}+...+\frac{1}{101.500}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{400}.\left(1-\frac{1}{400}\right)+\frac{1}{400}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{401}\right)+\frac{1}{400}.\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{402}\right)+...+\frac{1}{400}.\left(\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{400}.\left(1-\frac{1}{400}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{401}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{402}+...+\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{400}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{400}-\frac{1}{401}-\frac{1}{402}-...-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1.102}+\frac{1}{2.103}+\frac{1}{3.104}+...+\frac{1}{399.500}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{101}.\left(1-\frac{1}{102}\right)+\frac{1}{101}.\left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{103}\right)+\frac{1}{101}.\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{104}\right)+...+\frac{1}{101}.\left(\frac{1}{399}-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{101}.\left(1-\frac{1}{102}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{103}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{104}+...+\frac{1}{399}-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{101}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{399}-\frac{1}{102}-\frac{1}{103}-\frac{1}{104}-...-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{101}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{101}+\frac{1}{102}+...+\frac{1}{399}-\frac{1}{102}-...-\frac{1}{399}-\frac{1}{400}-...-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{101}.\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{101}-\frac{1}{400}-...-\frac{1}{500}\right)\)
Ta thấy vế trong ngoặc của hai biểu thức A và B giống nhau, do đó :
\(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{400}\right)}{\left(\frac{1}{101}\right)}=\frac{101}{400}\)
A = \(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2006}\)
=\(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2005}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2006}\right)\)
= \(\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2005}+\frac{1}{2006}\right)-2.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2006}\right)\)
= \(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2005}+\frac{1}{2006}\)\(-\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}-...-\frac{1}{1003}\)
= \(\frac{1}{1004}+\frac{1}{1005}+...+\frac{1}{2005}+\frac{1}{2006}\)
(=) B - A = \(\frac{1}{1008}+\frac{1}{1009}+...+\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2016}\)- \(\frac{1}{1004}-\frac{1}{1005}-...-\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2006}\)
= \(\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2008}+...+\frac{1}{2016}-\) \(\frac{1}{1004}-\frac{1}{1005}-\frac{1}{1006}-\frac{1}{1007}\)
\(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{x.\left(x+2\right)}=\frac{20}{41}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x+2}\right)=\frac{20}{41}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2}.\left(1-\frac{1}{x+2}\right)=\frac{20}{41}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{20}{41}\div\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{40}{41}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=1-\frac{40}{41}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{x+2}=\frac{1}{41}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+2=41\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=41-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=39\)