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H đối xứng B qua G \(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GH}=\overrightarrow{BG}\)
\(\overrightarrow{MH}=\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GH}=-\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BG}=-\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AG}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=-\frac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-\frac{5}{6}\\n=\frac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 2:
Vì G là trọng tâm nên \(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
hay \(\overrightarrow{GC}=-\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{BG}+\overrightarrow{GC}=-\overrightarrow{b}-\overrightarrow{a}-\overrightarrow{b}=-\overrightarrow{a}-2\overrightarrow{b}\)
=>m=-1; n=-2
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{CI}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BI}=\overrightarrow{CB}+2\overrightarrow{BG}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{CB}+2. \frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BM}=\overrightarrow{CB}+ \frac{2}{3}(\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{BM})\)
\(=\overrightarrow{CB}+\frac{2}{3}(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CM})\)
\(=-\overrightarrow{BC}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow {BC}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{2}{3}(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{CM})\)
\(=\frac{-1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}\) (tổng 2 vecto đối nhau thì bằng $0$)
\(=\frac{-1}{3}(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC})+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{BA}=\frac{-1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}=\frac{-1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{-1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\)
A B C M G N B1
a, Gọi N là trung điểm của AC
Ta có \(\overrightarrow{CB_1}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BB_1}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{BN}\) ( vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BB_1=2BG\\BG=\frac{2}{3}BN\end{matrix}\right.\) )
\(=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{4}{6}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{2}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\left(\overrightarrow{CA}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}\right)\)
\(=\frac{-1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{ÂC}\right)\)
b, \(\overrightarrow{AB_1}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BB_1}\) rồi tương tự câu a nha bạn
c, \(\overrightarrow{MB_1}=\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{BB_1}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BB_1}\)