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Bài 1.
a, PTPƯ: kẽm + axit clohidric → kẽm clorua + hidro
b, Theo ĐLBTKL ta có:
\(m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)
c, Ta có: \(m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}-m_{Zn}=27,2+0,4-13=14,6\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
a, PTPƯ: metan + oxi → cacbon dioxit + hơi nước
b, Theo ĐLBTKL ta có:
\(m_{CH_4}+m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}\)
c, Ta có: \(m_{O_2}=m_{CO_2}+m_{H_2O}-m_{CH_4}=132+108-48=192\left(g\right)\)
1
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\
m_{FeSO_4}=127.0,1=12,7\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dd}}=5,6+500-\left(0,1.2\right)=505,4\left(g\right)\\
C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{12,7}{505,4}.100\%=2,513\%\)
2
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\
m_{MgSO_4}=120.0,2=24\left(g\right)\\
V_{\text{dd}H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2M\)
nO2 = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 (mol)
PTHH: 2KClO3 -> (t°, MnO2) 2KCl + 3O2
nKClO3 = 0,25 : 3 . 2 = 1/6 (mol)
nKClO3 = 1/6 . 122,5 = 245/12 (g)
nMg = 2,4/24 = 0,1 (mol)
PTHH: 2Mg + O2 -> (t°) 2MgO
LTL: 0,1/2 < 0,25 => O2 dư
nMgO = 0,1 (mol)
nMgO = 0,1 . 40 = 4 (g)
nO2 = 5,6 : 22,4 = 0,25(mol)
pthh : 2KClO3 -t--> 2KCl + 3O2
1/6 <----------------0,25(mol)
=>mKClO3 = 1/6.114,5=229/12(g)
nMg=2,4:24=0,1(mol)
pthh 2Mg+O2 -t-> 2MgO
0,1--------->0,1(mol)
=> mMgO = 0,1.40=4 (g)
a) 2Mg + O2 --to--> 2MgO
b) Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
c) 2Al + 3Cl2 --to--> 2AlCl3
d) CuO + 2HNO3 --> Cu(NO3)2 + H2O
a,2Mg+O2->2MgO
b,Mg+2HCl->MgCl2+H2
c,2Al+3Cl->2AlCl3
d,CuO+2HNO3->Cu(NO3)2+H2O
1.\(a.CTHH:Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_x\\ Tacó:56.2+\left(32+16.4\right).x=400\\ \Rightarrow x=3\\ VậyCTHH:Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\ b.CTHH:Fe_xO_3\\ Tacó:56.x+16.3=160\\ \Rightarrow x=2\\ VậyCTHH:Fe_2O_3\)
2. \(M_{Cu}=64\left(g/mol\right)\\ M_{H_2O}=2+16=18\left(g/mol\right)\\ M_{CO_2}=14+16.2=44\left(g/mol\right)\\ M_{CuO}=64+16=80\left(g/mol\right)\\ M_{HNO_3}=1+14+16.3=63\left(g/mol\right)\\ M_{CuSO_4}=64+32+16.4=160\left(g/mol\right)\\ M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=27.2+\left(32+16.4\right).3=342\left(g/mol\right)\)