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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\\n_{Cu}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4Al+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Al_2O_3\)
x 1/2 x ( mol )
\(2Cu+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CuO\)
y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+64y=18,2\\51x+80y=26,2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4g\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{18,2}.100=29,67\%\)
\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-29,67=70,33\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Gọi số mol Al, Na trong a gam hỗn hợp là x, y (mol)
=> 27x + 23y = a (1)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
x---------------->0,5x
4Na + O2 --to--> 2Na2O
y---------------->0,5y
=> 102.0,5x + 62.0,5y = 1,64.a
=> 51x + 31y = 1,64a (2)
(1)(2) => 51x + 31y = 1,64(27x + 23y)
=> 6,72x = 6,72y
=> x = y
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27x}{27x+23y}.100\%=54\%\\\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23y}{27x+23y}.100\%=46\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(m_{CuO}=\dfrac{20.40}{100}=8\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{60.20}{100}=12\left(g\right)\) => \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{12}{160}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
______0,1---------------->0,1
Fe2O3 + 3CO --to--> 2Fe + 3CO2
0,075---------------->0,15
=> \(\%Cu=\dfrac{0,1.64}{0,1.64+0,15.56}.100\%=43,243\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow65x+27y=2,87\left(1\right)\)
\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(\Rightarrow81x+\dfrac{1}{2}y\cdot102=3,75\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{ZnO}=\dfrac{0,04\cdot81}{3,75}\cdot100\%=86,4\%\)
Hai oxit kim loại thu được là ZnO (a mol) và Al2O3 (b mol).
Ta có hệ phương trình:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+27.2b=2,87\\81a+102b=3,75\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,04\\b=0,005\end{matrix}\right.\).
Phần trăm khối lượng của kẽm oxit trong hỗn hợp sản phẩm là:
%mZnO=\(\dfrac{0,04.81}{3,75}.100\%=86,4\%\).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,953m}{22,4}=0,042545m\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=y\left(mol\right);n_{Cu}=z\left(mol\right)\left(x,y,z>0\right)\\\Rightarrow \left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y+64z=m\\40x+51y+80z=1,72m\\x+1,5y=0,042545m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,012845m\\y\approx0,0198m\\z\approx0,002455m\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}\approx\dfrac{0,002455.64m}{m}.100\%\approx15,712\%\\ \%m_{Al}\approx\dfrac{27.0,0198m}{m}.100\%\approx53,46\%\\ \%m_{Mg}\approx\dfrac{0,012845.24m}{m}.100\%\approx30,828\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Sửa đề : 13.9 (g)
\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m=27a+56b=13.9\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7.84}{22.4}=0.35\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=1.5a+b=0.35\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.1,b=0.2\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.1\cdot27}{13.9}\cdot100\%=19.42\%\)
\(\%Fe=100-19.42=80.58\%\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a, PT: \(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al}=z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 64x + 56y + 27z = 40,4 (1)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}y\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}z\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 80x + 232.1/3x + 102.1/2z = 59,6 (2)
- Chất rắn A gồm: Cu, Fe và Al3O3.
⇒ 64x + 56y + 102.1/2z = 50 (3)
Từ (1), (2) và (3) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,3\left(mol\right)\\z=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ mCu = 0,2.64 = 12,8 (g)
mFe = 0,3.56 = 16,8 (g)
mAl = 0,4.27 = 10,8 (g)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}+\dfrac{4}{3}n_{Fe}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(l\right)\)
Bài 1 :
$FeO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Fe + H_2O$
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{Fe} = n_{FeO} = \dfrac{1,44}{72} = 0,02(mol)$
$n_{Cu} = n_{CuO} = \dfrac{4}{80} = 0,05(mol)$
$m_{kim\ loại} = 0,02.56 + 0,05.64 = 4,32(gam)$
Bài 2 :
Gọi $n_{Mg} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} = b(mol)$
$\Rightarrow 24a + 27b = 7,8(1)$
$2Mg + O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MgO$
$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{MgO} = n_{Mg} =a (mol)$
$n_{Al_2O_3} = 0,5n_{Al} = 0,5b(mol)$
$\Rightarrow 40a + 0,5b.102 = 14,2(2)$
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2
$\%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,1.24}{7,8}.100\% = 3,08\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% -3,08\% = 96,92\%$