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a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
_____0,1<----------------0,1<------0,05
=> mNa = 0,1.23 = 2,3 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Na=\dfrac{2,3}{4,7}.100\%=48,936\%\\\%Mg=100\%-48,936\%=51,064\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,7-2,3}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
______0,1-->0,2-------------->0,1
2Na + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + H2
0,1-->0,1-------------->0,05
=> mHCl = (0,1+0,2).36,5 = 10,95 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(HCl\right)=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)
=> VH2 = (0,1 + 0,05).22,4 = 3,36 (l)
Tiếp bài của creeper nhé:
c. Ta có: \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{4,86}{81}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(1): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{ZnO}=2.0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Zn}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{HCl}=0,12+0,2=0,32\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=0,32.36,5=11,68\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{11,68}{m_{dd_{HCl}}}.100\%=12\%\)
=> \(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{292}{3}\left(g\right)\)
Theo đề, ta có:
\(D=\dfrac{\dfrac{292}{3}}{V_{dd_{HCl}}}=1,2\)(g/ml)
=> \(V_{dd_{HCl}}=81,1\left(ml\right)\)
a) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a_____2a______a_____a (mol)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
b_____3b_______b_____\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)b (mol)
Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=36,1\\a+\dfrac{3}{2}b=\dfrac{21,28}{22,4}=0,95\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,5\cdot56=28\left(g\right)\\m_{Al}=8,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b+c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2a+3b=1,9\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1,9}{0,2}=9,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
_____0,2<---0,6<--------------0,3
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Al=\dfrac{0,2.27}{15,6}.100\%=34,615\%\\\%Al_2O_3=\dfrac{15,6-0,2.27}{15,6}.100\%=65,385\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{15,6-0,2.27}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Al2O3 + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
______0,1--->0,6
=> nHCl = 0,6+0,6 = 1,2(mol)
=> \(V_{dd}=\dfrac{1,2}{2}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
a.
Số mol H2: nH2=2,24/22,4 =0,1 mol
Vì chỉ có Ca tác dụng với nước nên:
PT: Ca + 2H2O-->Ca(OH)2 + H2
0,1<--------------------------0,1 mol
Khối lượng Ca: mCa=0,1.40=4 g
mMg=8,8-4=4,8 g
b.
Trong hỗn hợp A:
nCa=4/40=0,1 mol
nMg=4,8/24=0,2 mol
PT:
Ca + 2HCl------->CaCl2 + H2
0,1-----------------------------0,1 mol
Mg + 2HCl-------->MgCl2 + H2
0,2--------------------------------0,2 mol
nH2=0,1 + 0,2=0,3 mol
Thể tích H2:
VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72 l
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4(mol)\\ n_{Al}=x(mol);n_{Mg}=y(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 27x+24y=7,8(1)\\ a,2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow 1,5x+y=0,4(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow x=0,2(mol);y=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{7,8}.100\%=69,23\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Mg}=100\%-69,23\%=30,77\%\)
\(b,\Sigma n_{HCl}=3x+2y=0,8(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{192,2}.100\%=15,19\%\\ c,n_{AlCl_3}=0,2(mol);n_{MgCl_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{0,2.27+192,2-0,3.2}.100\%=13,55\%\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.95}{0,1.24+192,2-0,1.2}.100\%=4,89\%\)
2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2 (1)
ZnO + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2O (2)
a) nH2= 13,44/22.4=0.6(mol) -> mH2=0,6.2=1,2(g)
Theo PTHH: nAl = 2/3 nH2 = 2/3 . 0,6= 0,4(mol) -> mAl = 0,4 . 27=10,8(g)
-> mZnO = 27-10,8= 16,2(g)
b) nZnO = 16,2/81=0,2(mol)
Theo PTHH (2): nHCl = 2nZnO=2.0,2=0,4(mol)
Theo PTHH (1) : nHCl=2nH2=2.0,6=1,2(mol)
-> \(\Sigma\)nHCl = 0,4+1,2=1,6(mol)
-> mHCl = 1,6.36,5= 58,4(g)
-> mddHCl = 58,4.100/29,2= 200(g)
c) Theo PTHH (1): nAlCl3 = 2/3 nH2 = 2/3 . 0,6=0,4(mol) -> mAlCl3=0,4.133,5=53,4(g)
mdd sau phản ứng= mA + mddHCl - mH2 =27+200-1,2 =225,8(g)
-> C% AlCl3 = 53,4.100%/225,8 = 20,88%
Theo PTHH (2) nZnCl2 =nZnO= 0,2(mol)-> mZnCl2=0,2.136=27,2(g)
-> C% ZnCl2= 27,2.100%/255,8=10,63%
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 (1)
Al2O3 + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2O (2)
nH2 = 2,8/22,4 = 0,125 mol
Theo tỉ lệ phản ứng (1) => nMg = nH2 = 0,125 mol
<=> mMg = 0,125 .24 = 3 gam và mAl2O3 = 8,1 - 3 =5,1 gam
%mMg = \(\dfrac{3}{8,1}\).100% = 37,03% => %mAl2O3 = 100 - 37,03 = 62,97%
b) nAl2O3 = \(\dfrac{5,1}{102}\)= 0,05 mol
=> nHCl pư = 2nMg + 6nAl2O3 = 0,55 mol
mHCl = 0,55.36,5 = 20,075 gam
=> mdung dịch HCl 18% = \(\dfrac{20,075}{18\%}\)= 111,53 gam
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
_____0,1<----------------0,1<------0,05
=> mNa = 0,1.23 = 2,3 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Na=\dfrac{2,3}{4,7}.100\%=48,936\%\\\%Mg=100\%-48,936\%=51,064\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,7-2,3}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
______0,1-->0,2-------------->0,1
2Na + 2HCl --> 2NaCl + H2
0,1-->0,1-------------->0,05
=> mHCl = (0,1+0,2).36,5 = 10,95 (g)
=> \(C\%\left(HCl\right)=\dfrac{10,95}{200}.100\%=5,475\%\)
=> VH2 = (0,1 + 0,05).22,4 = 3,36 (l)