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a, nFe = 0,56/56 = 0,01 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01
mFeSO4 = 0,01 . 152 = 1,52 (g)
VH2 = 22,4 . 0,01 = 0,224 (l)
b, mH2SO4 = 0,01 . 98 = 0,98 (g)
c, mddH2SO4 = 0,98/19,6% = 5 (g)
d, mdd (sau p/ư) = 5 + 0,56 = 5,56 (g)
C%FeSO4 = 1,52/5,56 = 27,33%
a, nFe = 0,56/56 = 0,01 (mol)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 -> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01 ---> 0,01
mFeSO4 = 0,01 . 152 = 1,52 (g)
VH2 = 22,4 . 0,01 = 0,224 (l)
b, mH2SO4 = 0,01 . 98 = 0,98 (g)
c, mddH2SO4 = 0,98/19,6% = 5 (g)
d, mdd (sau p/ư) = 5 + 0,56 = 5,56 (g)
C%FeSO4 = 1,52/5,56 = 27,33%
a, \(n_{Fe}=\frac{0.56}{56}=0.01\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
\(V_{H_2}=0.01\times22.4=0.224\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.01\times98=0.98\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\frac{100\times0.98}{19.6}=5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.01\times152=1.52\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\frac{1.52\times100}{5}=30.4\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{\text{dd}}=6,5+200-\left(0,1.2\right)=206,3g\)
bài 2 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6g\\
V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\
m\text{dd}=4,8+200-0,4=204,4g\\
C\%=\dfrac{0,2.136}{204,4}.100\%=13,3\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2...................0.2..........0.2\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.2\cdot22.4=4.48\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0.2\cdot127=25.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=11.2+200-0.2\cdot2=210.8\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{25.4}{210.8}\cdot100\%=12.05\%\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.8}{56}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a) Chất tan : FeSO4
Chất khí : H2
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.05\cdot152=7.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{19,6}{2+32+16\cdot4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2\)
tỉ lệ: 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,2<---0,2------>0,2-------->0,2
\(m_{ZnSO_4}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot\left(65+32+16\cdot4\right)=32,2\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\) (mol) (1)
Phương trình hóa học :
Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ta có \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,4\) (mol) ; \(n_{HCl}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
b) => \(m_{\text{muối}}=0,4.\left(56+35,5.2\right)=50.8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(V_{\text{khí}}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
d) \(m_{HCl}=0,8.36.5=29,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{29,2}{200}.100\%=14,6\%\)
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,56}{56}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeSO_4}=0,01.152=1,52\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,01.22,4=0,224\left(l\right)\)
b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Fe}=0,01\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,01.98}{19,6\%}=5\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 0,56 + 5 - 0,01.2 = 5,54 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{1,52}{5,54}.100\%\approx27,44\%\)