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nNa = 4.6/23 = 0.2 (mol)
Na + H2O => NaOH + 1/2H2
0.2....................0.2..........0.1
VH2 = 0.1*22.4 = 2.24 (l)
mNaOH = 0.2*40 = 8 (g)
Đề thiếu khối lượng nước rồi em nhé !
\(1,PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\xrightarrow[]{}2NaOH+H_2\\2, n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Na+2H_2O\xrightarrow[]{}2NaOH+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ 3.n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{2,4\cdot10^{23}}{6\cdot10^{23}}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ca}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca+2H_2O->Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
tỉ lệ 1 : 2 : 1 ; 1
n(mol) 0,1----->0,2--------->0,1--------->0,1
\(\dfrac{n_{Ca}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2O}}{2}\left(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\right)\)
`=>` `Ca` hết, `H_2 O` dư, tính theo `Ca`
\(n_{H_2O\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O\left(dư\right)}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot18=3,6\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot74=7,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{2,4.10^{23}}{6.10^{23}}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
trc p/u: 0,1 0,4
p/u: 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
sau p/u: 0 0,2 0,1 0,1
-----> sau p/u : H2O dư
\(a,m_{H_2Odư}=0,2.18=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(c,m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}0,1.74=7,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{A\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{M_A+34}\left(mol\right)\)
\(A+2H_2O\rightarrow A\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
\(\dfrac{34,2}{M_A+34}\) --> \(\dfrac{34,2}{M_A+34}\) ( mol )
\(\rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{34,2}{M_A+34}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow34,2=0,2M_A+6,8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,2M_A=27,4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=137\) ( g/mol )
--> A là Bari ( Ba )
\(A+H_2O\rightarrow A\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ TheoPT:n_{H_2}=n_{A\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_{A\left(OH\right)_2}=A+17.2=\dfrac{34,2}{0,2}=171\\ \Rightarrow A=137\left(Ba\right)\)
Ta có:
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{3,6}{18}=0,2\left(mol\right)\left(phần.này.mik.sửa.lại.đề\right)\)
a. \(PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O--->2NaOH\)
Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\)
Vậy H2O dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{Na_2O}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=40.0,2=8\left(g\right)\)
b. Ta có: \(n_{H_2O_{PỨ}}=n_{Na_2O}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O_{dư}}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O_{dư}}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,1----0,05----0,1mol
n H2=\(\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)
=>m H2O=0,1.18=1,8g
2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
0,1----0,1-------0,1------0,05
n Na=\(\dfrac{3,45}{23}\)=0,15 mol
=>Na dư
=>VH2=0,05.22,4=1,12l
\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
\(nH_2=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(mH_2O=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(H_2O+2Na\rightarrow Na_2O+H_2\uparrow\)
\(nNa=\dfrac{3,45}{23}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,15}{2}\)
=> Na dư , H2O đủ
\(mH_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
a) Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}=1\left(mol\right)=>m_{H_2}=1.2=2\left(g\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL:
\(m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\)
=> \(m_{HCl}=136+2-65=73\left(g\right)\)
\(a,PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,m_{H_2}=\dfrac{22,4}{22,4}.2=2(g)\\ BTKL:m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}=m_{ZnCl_2}+m_{H_2}\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=136+2-65=73(g)\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4.6}{23}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
\(0.2...........................0.2...........0.1\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.1\cdot22.4=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{NaOH}=0.2\cdot40=8\left(g\right)\)