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Bài 1:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}=1\\\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=\dfrac{10}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
Theo đề, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-3b=4\\-a-2b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-3b=4\\-2a-4b=8\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=-\dfrac{12}{7}\\a=-\dfrac{4}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)
Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)
Bài 4:
Theo đề, ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20
=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24
=>a=2; b=-5
1.
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=3\\-4x=3x-13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3y=3\\-4x-3x=13\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-4x+6y=-6\\-4x-3y=13\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9y=-19\\-4x+6y=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{19}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=3\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=9\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{y}=2\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y}=9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(TM\right)\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=1\\\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\left(x,y\ne0\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=1\\\dfrac{10}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{13}{x}=16\\\dfrac{10}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=15\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{13}{16}\left(TM\right)\\y=\dfrac{13}{7}\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}-3\sqrt{y-1}=-4\\2\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\left(x\ge-1,y\ge1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{x+1}-6\sqrt{y-1}=-8\\2\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-5\sqrt{y-1}=-10\\2\sqrt{x+1}-6\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{y-1}=2\\2\sqrt{x+1}-6\sqrt{y-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(TM\right)\\y=5\left(TM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) ĐK xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{6}{y}=9\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{6}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{x}=16\\\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{6}{y}=7\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{16}\\y=-\dfrac{42}{17}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = {(\(\dfrac{7}{16};-\dfrac{42}{17}\))}
b) Đk xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=14\\\dfrac{8}{x}-\dfrac{1}{y}=-8\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{13}{x}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=14\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{13}{6}\\y=\dfrac{13}{152}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(\(\dfrac{13}{6};\dfrac{13}{152}\))}
c) ĐK xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{7}{y}=21\\-\dfrac{2}{x}-\dfrac{5}{y}=-11\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{y}=10\\\dfrac{2}{x}+\dfrac{7}{y}=21\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{1}{5}\\x=-\dfrac{1}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(\(-\dfrac{1}{7};\dfrac{1}{5}\))}
d) ĐK xác định : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{9}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}=22\\\dfrac{5}{x}-\dfrac{2}{y}=13\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{14}{x}=35\\\dfrac{5}{x}-\dfrac{2}{y}=13\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{5}\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S={(0,4;-4)}
e) ĐKXĐ : x≠0;y≠0
ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=10\\-\dfrac{3}{x}-\dfrac{7}{y}=8\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{2}{y}=18\\\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=10\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{9}\\x=\dfrac{3}{55}\end{matrix}\right.\) 'Vậy....
\(\dfrac{a}{a'}\ne\dfrac{b}{b'}\\ =>D\)
Chọn D