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Mình làm câu 2 trước nhé:
đkxđ: \(\dfrac{1}{2}< x\le2\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunyakovsky, ta có \(VT=\left(1.\sqrt{x}+1.\sqrt{2-x}\right)\)\(\le\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2\right)\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2-x}\right)^2\right]}\) \(=2\). ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=2-x\Leftrightarrow x=1\) (nhận). Vậy \(VT\le2\) (1)
Mặt khác, ta có \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(2x-1\right)\ge0\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)\left(x+\sqrt{2x-1}\right)\ge0\). Do \(x+\sqrt{2x-1}>0\) nên điều này có nghĩa là \(x\ge\sqrt{2x-1}\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\ge1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\ge2\) hay \(VP\ge2\) (2). ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\) (nhận)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(VT\le2\le VP\), do đó pt đã cho \(\Leftrightarrow VT=VP\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Vậy pt đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
\(x^2+x-2+4\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)+4\sqrt{x-1}=0\)
Do \(x\ge1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)\ge0\\\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)+4\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\\\sqrt{x-1}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=1\)
\(x^2+4x-7=\left(x+4\right)\sqrt{x^2-7}\)(ĐKXĐ;: \(x\ge\sqrt{7}\)hoặc \(x\le-\sqrt{7}\))
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4x-7=x\sqrt{x^2-7}+4\sqrt{x^2-7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-7-x\sqrt{x^2-7}\right)+\left(4x-4\sqrt{x^2-7}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-7}\left(\sqrt{x^2-7}-x\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x^2-7}-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2-7}-4\right)\left(\sqrt{x^2-7}-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x^2-7}-4=0\\\sqrt{x^2-7}-x=0\end{cases}}\)
- Nếu \(\sqrt{x^2-7}-4=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-7=16\Leftrightarrow x^2=23\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-\sqrt{23}\\x=\sqrt{23}\end{cases}}\)(thoả mãn)
- Nếu \(\sqrt{x^2-7}-x=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-7=x^2\Leftrightarrow-7=0\)(Vô lí)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình : \(S=\left\{-\sqrt{23};\sqrt{23}\right\}\)
a,ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge2\)
\(4\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{9x-18}-\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2}{4}}=26\\ \Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{2}=26\\ \Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{x-2}+6\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x-2}=52\\ \Leftrightarrow13\sqrt{x-2}=52\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=16\\ \Leftrightarrow x=18\left(tm\right)\)
b,ĐKXĐ:\(x\in R\)
\(3x+\sqrt{4x^2-8x+4}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=1-3x\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|x-1\right|=\dfrac{1-3x}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=\dfrac{1-3x}{2}\\x-1=\dfrac{3x-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-2=1-3x\\2x-2=3x-1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(tm\right)\\x=-1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, ĐKXĐ:\(x\ge0\)
\(\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)=7\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)-2\left(2\sqrt{x}+1\right)=7\\ \Leftrightarrow2x+\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-2=7\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-3\sqrt{x}-9=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3\sqrt{x}\right)-\left(6\sqrt{x}+9\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)-3\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=3\\2\sqrt{x}=-3\left(vô.lí\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow x=9\left(tm\right)\)
a)\(\sqrt{3x^2+6x+7}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+14}=4-2x-x^2\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3x^2+6x+3+4}+\sqrt{5x^2+10x+5+9}=-x^2-2x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+9}=-x^2-2x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}=-x^2-2x+4\)
Dễ thấy: \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\\5\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\\5\left(x+1\right)^2+9\ge9\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge2\\\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}\ge3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=\sqrt{3\left(x+1\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{5\left(x+1\right)^2+9}\ge2+3=5\)
Và \(VP=-x^2-2x+4=-x^2-2x-1+5\)
\(=-\left(x^2+2x+1\right)+5=-\left(x+1\right)^2+5\le5\)
SUy ra \(VT\ge VP=5\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
b)\(\sqrt{x-2\sqrt{x-1}}-\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1}-\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2-\sqrt{x-1}=1\)
..... giải nốt tiếp ra x=1
c)Sửa đề \(\sqrt{x-7}+\sqrt{9-x}=x^2-16x+66\)
ĐK:....
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{x-7}+\sqrt{9-x}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x-7+9-x\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le4\Rightarrow VT\le2\)
Lại có: \(VP=x^2-16x+66=x^2-16x+64+2\)
\(=\left(x-8\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Suy ra \(VT\ge VP=2\) khi \(VT=VP=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-8\right)^2+2=2\Rightarrow x-8=0\Rightarrow x=8\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-3}=2\sqrt{x^2-9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=4\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\4\left(x+3\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-\dfrac{11}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vd1:
d) Ta có: \(\sqrt{2}\left(x-1\right)-\sqrt{50}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2}\left(x-1-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
\(x^4+\sqrt{x^2+2}=2\)
Đặt t = x2
pt <=> \(t^2+\sqrt{t+2}=2\)
<=> \(\sqrt{t+2}=2-t^2\)( 0 ≤ t ≤ √2 )
Bình phương hai vế
<=> t + 2 = t4 - 4t2 + 4
<=> t4 - 4t2 - t + 2 = 0
<=> t4 - 2t3 + 2t3 - 4t2 - t + 2 = 0
<=> t3( t - 2 ) + 2t2( t - 2 ) - ( t - 2 ) = 0
<=> ( t - 2 )( t3 + 2t2 - 1 ) = 0
<=> ( t - 2 )( t3 + t2 + t2 - 1 ) = 0
<=> ( t - 2 )[ t2( t + 1 ) + ( t - 1 )( t + 1 ) ] = 0
<=> ( t - 2 )( t + 1 )( t2 + t - 1 ) = 0
<=> t - 2 = 0 hoặc t + 1 = 0 hoặc t2 + t - 1 = 0
<=> t = \(\frac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)( đã loại các nghiệm ktm )
=> \(x^2=\frac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{\frac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}}\)
Vậy ...
ai kb vs mình ko