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\(a,ĐK:1\le x\le3\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=a\\\sqrt{3-x}=b\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow a+b-ab=1\Leftrightarrow a+b-ab-1=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(1-b\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=1\\3-x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=2\left(tm\right)\)
\(b,ĐK:0\le x\le9\\ PT\Leftrightarrow9+2\sqrt{x\left(9-x\right)}=-x^2+9x+9\\ \Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{-x^2+9x}-\left(-x^2+9x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{-x^2+9x}\left(2-\sqrt{-x^2+9x}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-x^2+9x=0\\\sqrt{-x^2+9x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=9\\x^2-9x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(n\right)\\x=9\left(n\right)\\x=\dfrac{9+\sqrt{65}}{2}\left(n\right)\\x=\dfrac{9-\sqrt{65}}{2}\left(n\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
ĐK: $x\geq 0$
Đặt $\sqrt{x+1}=a; \sqrt{x}=b$. ĐK $a,b\geq 0$ thì ta có:
$a-b-ab=a^2-2b^2$
$\Leftrightarrow a-b=a^2+ab-2b^2=(a-b)(a+2b)$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(a+2b-1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a=b$ hoặc $a+2b=1$
Nếu $a=b\Rightarrow a^2=b^2\Leftrightarrow x+1=x$ (vô lý)
Nếu $a+2b=1$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x+1}-1+2\sqrt{x}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \frac{x}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+2\sqrt{x}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+2)=0$
Dễ thấy biểu thức trong ngoặc lớn hơn $0$ nên \sqrt{x}=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=0$
Vậy.......
1/ ĐKXĐ: $4x^2-4x-11\geq 0$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4x^2-4x-11}=2(4x^2-4x-11)-6$
$\Leftrightarrow a=2a^2-6$ (đặt $\sqrt{4x^2-4x-11}=a, a\geq 0$)
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2-a-6=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-2)(2a+3)=0$
Vì $a\geq 0$ nên $a=2$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{4x^2-4x-11}=2$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-4x-11=4$
$\Leftrightarrow 4x^2-4x-15=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (2x-5)(2x+3)=0$
$\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}$ hoặc $x=\frac{-3}{2}$ (tm)
2/ ĐKXĐ: $x\in\mathbb{R}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{3x^2+9x+8}=\frac{1}{3}(3x^2+9x+8)-\frac{14}{3}$
$\Leftrightarrow a=\frac{1}{3}a^2-\frac{14}{3}$ (đặt $\sqrt{3x^2+9x+8}=a, a\geq 0$)
$\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a-14=0$
$\Rightarrow a=\frac{3+\sqrt{65}}{2}$ (do $a\geq 0$)
$\Leftrightarrow 3x^2+9x+8=\frac{37+3\sqrt{65}}{2}$
$\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}(-3\pm \sqrt{23+2\sqrt{65}})$
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)
\(x^2-1+\sqrt{x+1}=0\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)+\sqrt{x+1}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1-2\right)\left(x+1\right)+\sqrt{x+1}=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=t\ge0\Rightarrow x+1=t^2\) ta được:
\(\left(t^2-2\right)t^2+t=0\Rightarrow t\left(\left(t^2-2\right)t+1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow t\left(t^3-2t+1\right)=0\Rightarrow t\left(t-1\right)\left(t^2+t-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t-1=0\\t^2+t-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=1\\t=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\t=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{5}}{2}< 0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(t=0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=0\Rightarrow x=-1\)
TH2: \(t=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=1\Rightarrow x+1=1\Rightarrow x=0\)
TH3: \(t=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+1}=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\Rightarrow x+1=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}-1=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Vậy pt có 3 nghiệm \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=0\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a\Rightarrow 1=a^2-x\)
PT trở thành: \(x^2+a=a^2-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-a^2+(a+x)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+a)(x-a+1)=0\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=-a\\ x+1=a\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(x=-a=-\sqrt{x+1}\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\leq 0\\ x^2=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Nếu \(x+1=a=\sqrt{x+1}\Rightarrow (x+1)^2=(x+1)\Rightarrow x(x+1)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=0\\ x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) (đều thỏa mãn)
Vậy.........
a) \(3\sqrt{x^2+3x}=\left(x+5\right)\left(2-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x^2+3x}=-x^2-3x+10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+3x\right)+3\sqrt{x^2+3x}-10=0\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x^2+3x}\left(t\ge0\right)\left(1\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\Rightarrow t^2+3t-10=0\)
\(\Rightarrow t_1=2\left(TM\right);t_2=-5\left(KTM\right)\)
thay \(t=2\) vào (1), ta có :
\(\sqrt{x^2+3x}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x=4\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x-4=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x_1=1;x_2=-4\)
vậy phương trình có 3 nghiệm x1 = 1, x2 = -4
b) \(\sqrt{5x^2+10x+1}=7-x^2-2x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2+10x+1}=\left(5x^2+10x+1\right)-6x^2+12x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5x^2+10x+1}=\left(5x^2+10x+1\right)-6\left(x-1\right)^2\)
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{5x^2+10x+1}\) (t lớn hơn hoặc bằng 0) (1)
ta có :...............
mk chỉ bt làm đến đấy thôi, hình như đây là ôn hsg toán 10 à
1) \(\Leftrightarrow4-4\sqrt{\dfrac{x+2}{x-3}}=x+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\sqrt{\dfrac{x+2}{x-3}}=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16\dfrac{x+2}{x-3}=x^2+6x+9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x+3=x^3+6x^2+9x-3x^2-18x-27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2-25x-59=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4,79\\x=-2,2\\x=-5,58\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm....
a/ đk: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le\frac{-5-3\sqrt{5}}{10}\\x\ge\frac{-5+3\sqrt{5}}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\sqrt{x^2+x+1}+\sqrt{3x^2+3x+2}=\sqrt{5x^2+5x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+1}+\sqrt{3\left(x^2+x+1\right)-1}=\sqrt{5\left(x^2+x+1\right)-6}\)
đặt\(x^2+x+1=t\left(t>0\right)\)
\(\sqrt{t}+\sqrt{3t-1}=\sqrt{5t-6}\)
bình phương 2 vế pt trở thành:
\(t+3t-1+2\sqrt{t\left(3t-1\right)}=5t-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{3t^2-t}=t-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge5\\\left(2\sqrt{3t^2-t}\right)^2=\left(t-5\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge5\\11t^2+6t-25=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\ge5\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{71}}{11}\\t=\frac{-3-2\sqrt{71}}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)=> không có gtri t nào t/m
vậy pt vô nghiệm
a/ ĐKXĐ: ...
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a>0\)
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{3a-1}=\sqrt{5a-6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a-1+2\sqrt{3a^2-a}=5a-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{3a^2-a}=a-5\) (\(a\ge5\))
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(3a^2-a\right)=a^2-10a+25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow11a^2+6a-25=0\)
Nghiệm xấu quá, chắc bạn nhầm lẫn đâu đó
b/
Đặt \(x^2+x+1=a>0\)
\(\sqrt{a+3}+\sqrt{a}=\sqrt{2a+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a+3+2\sqrt{a^2+3a}=2a+7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{a^2+3a}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+3a-4=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-4\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1=1\)
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le9\)
Bình phương 2 vế: \(9+2\sqrt{-x^2+9x}=-x^2+9x+9\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{-x^2+9x}=t\ge0\) pt trở thành:
\(t^2-2t=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{-x^2+9x}=0\\\sqrt{-x^2+9x}=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-x^2+9x=0\\-x^2+9x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=9\\x=\dfrac{9-\sqrt{65}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{9+\sqrt{65}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)