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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2xy-3y^2=-4\left(1\right)\\2x^2+xy+4y^2=5\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)\(với\)\(y=0\Rightarrow hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-4\\2x^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(loại\right)\)
\(y\ne0\) \(đặt:x=t.y\Rightarrow hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t^2y^2+2ty^2-3y^2=-4\left(3\right)\\2t^2y^2+ty^2+4y^2=5\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5t^2y^2+10ty^2-15y^2=-8t^2y^2-4ty^2-16y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13t^2y^2+14ty^2+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow13t^2+14t+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-\dfrac{1}{13}\\t=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{13}y\left(5\right)\\x=-y\left(6\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(thay\left(5\right)và\left(6\right)\) \(lên\left(1\right)hoặc\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left\{\left(1;-1\right);\left(-1;1\right);\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{133}};\dfrac{13}{\sqrt{133}}\right)\right\}\)
\(pt:x^4-4x^3+x^2+6x+m+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-4x^3+4x^2-3x^2+6x+m+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\right)^2-3\left(x^2-2x\right)+m+2=0\left(1\right)\)
\(đặt:x^2-2x=t\ge-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t^2-3t=-m-2\)
\(xét:f\left(t\right)=t^2-3t\) \(trên[-1;+\text{∞})\) \(và:y=-m-2\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(-1\right)=4\)
\(f\left(-\dfrac{b}{2a}\right)=-\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(\left(1\right)\) \(có\) \(3\) \(ngo\) \(pb\Leftrightarrow-m-2=4\Leftrightarrow m=-6\)
Bài 1 :
a) \(x^3-x^2-x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-2x^2+x^2-2x+x-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-2x^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+x\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=0\)(1)
Vì \(x^2+x+1=x^2+2.\frac{1}{2}.x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}=\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+1\ge\frac{3}{4}\forall x\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow x-2=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(x=2\)
Bài 2:
\(2x^2+y^2-2xy+2y-6x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2-2x+2y+1+x^2-4x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(2x-2y\right)+1+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)(1)
Vì \(\left(x-y-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\); \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left(x-y-1\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=x-1\\x=2\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(x=2\)và \(y=1\)
=> x^2 + 2xy + y^2 + 4x + 4y + x^2 - 2x + 5 = 0
=>( x+ y)^2 + 4 (x+y) + 4 + x^2 - 2x + 1 = 0
=> ( x+ +y + 2 )^2 + ( x- 1 )^2 = 0
=> x + y+ 2 = 0 và x - 1 = 0
=> x = 1 và 1 + y + 2 = 0
=> x = 1 và y = -3