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a) \(8 - \left( {x - 15} \right) = 2.\left( {3 - 2x} \right)\)
\(8 - x + 15 = 6 - 4x\)
\( - x + 4x = 6 - 8 - 15\)
\(3x = - 17\)
\(x = \left( { - 17} \right):3\)
\(x = \dfrac{{ - 17}}{3}\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình là \(x = \dfrac{{ - 17}}{3}\).
b) \( - 6\left( {1,5 - 2u} \right) = 3\left( { - 15 + 2u} \right)\)
\( - 9 + 12u = - 45 + 6u\)
\(12u - 6u = - 45 + 9\)
\(u = \left( { - 36} \right):6\)
\(6u = - 36\)
\(u = - 6\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình là \(u = - 6\).
c) \({\left( {x + 3} \right)^2} - x\left( {x + 4} \right) = 13\)
\(\left( {{x^2} + 6x + 9} \right) - \left( {{x^2} + 4x} \right) = 13\)
\({x^2} + 6x + 9 - {x^2} - 4x = 13\)
\(\left( {{x^2} - {x^2}} \right) + \left( {6x - 4x} \right) = 13 - 9\)
\(2x = 4\)
\(x = 4:2\)
\(x = 2\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình là \(x = 2\).
d) \(\left( {y + 5} \right)\left( {y - 5} \right) - {\left( {y - 2} \right)^2} = 5\)
\(\left( {{y^2} - 25} \right) - \left( {{y^2} - 4y + 4} \right) = 5\)
\({y^2} - 25 - {y^2} + 4y - 4 = 5\)
\(\left( {{y^2} - {y^2}} \right) + 4y = 5 + 4 + 25\)
\(4y = 34\)
\(y = 34:4\)
\(y = \dfrac{{17}}{2}\)
Vậy nghiệm của phương trình là \(y = \dfrac{{17}}{2}\).
b)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\notin\left\{2;3;\dfrac{1}{2}\right\}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{x+4}{2x^2-5x+2}+\dfrac{x+1}{2x^2-7x+3}=\dfrac{2x+5}{2x^2-7x+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+4}{\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)}+\dfrac{x+1}{\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{2x+5}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+4\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(2x-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(2x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-2\right)}\)
Suy ra: \(x^2-3x+4x-12+x^2-2x+x-2=2x^2-4x+5x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-14=2x^2+x-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-14-2x^2-x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x=4\)
hay x=-4(nhận)
Vậy: S={-4}
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\2x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=0\\5x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
=>x+3=0 hoặc x-4=0
=>x=-3 hoặc x=4
e: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
f: \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{-\dfrac{3}{2};4;-4\right\}\)
a, \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+5=0\\2x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-9=0\\4-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=0\\4-5x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{4}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d, \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
e, tương tự d
f, \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+3=0\\x^2-16=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\pm4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(a,4\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-24x+36-4x^2-4x+1\ge12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-28x+37\ge12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-28x\ge12-37\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-28x\ge-25\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\le\dfrac{25}{28}\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{x\left|x\le\dfrac{25}{28}\right|\right\}\)
b, \(\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\ge\left(x+3\right)^2+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-16\ge x^2+6x+9+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x^2-6x\ge9+5+16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x\ge30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\le-5\)
Vậy \(S=\left\{x\left|x\le-5\right|\right\}\)
\(c,\left(3x-1\right)^2-9\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)< 5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-6x-1-9x^2+36< 5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x^2-9x^2-6x-5x+36+1< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-11x+37< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-11x< -37\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x>\dfrac{37}{11}\)
vậy \(S=\left\{x\left|x>\dfrac{37}{11}\right|\right\}\)
f. 5 – (x – 6) = 4(3 – 2x)
<=>5-x+6=12-8x
<=>7x=1
<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{7}\)
g. 7 – (2x + 4) = – (x + 4)
<=>7-2x-4=-x-4
<=>x=7
h. 2x(x+2)\(^2\)−8x\(^2\)=2(x−2)(x\(^2\)+2x+4)
<=>\(2x\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-8x^2=2\left(x^3-8\right)\)
<=>\(2x^3+8x^2+8x-8x^2=2\left(x^3-8\right)\)
<=>\(2x^3+8x=2x^3-16\)
<=>\(8x=-16\)
<=>\(x=-2\)
i. (x−2\(^3\))+(3x−1)(3x+1)=(x+1)\(^3\)
<=>\(x-8+9x^2-1=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\)
<=>\(6x^2-2x-10=0\)
<=>\(3x^2-x-5=0\)
<=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{61}}{6}\\x=\dfrac{1-\sqrt{61}}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
k. (x + 1)(2x – 3) = (2x – 1)(x + 5)
<=>\(2x^2-x-3=2x^2+9x-5\)
<=>10x=2
<=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
f. 5 – (x – 6) = 4(3 – 2x)
<=>5-x+6=12-8x
<=>7x=1
<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{7}\)
g. 7 – (2x + 4) = – (x + 4)
<=>7-2x-4=-x-4
<=>x=7
h. \(2x\left(x+2\right)^2-8x^2=2\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)
<=>\(2x\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-8x^2=2\left(x^3-8\right)\)
<=>\(2x^3+8x^2+8x-8x^2=2x^3-16\)
<=>\(8x=-16\)
<=>x=-2
i.\(\left(x-2\right)^3+\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)^3\)
<=>\(x^3-6x^2+12x+8+9x^2-1=x^3+3x^2+3x+1\)
<=>\(9x+6=0\)
<=>x=\(\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
k. (x + 1)(2x – 3) = (2x – 1)(x + 5)
<=>\(2x^2-x-3=2x^2+9x-5\)
<=>10x=2
<=>x=\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)
1a.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{1;3\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{6}{x-1}=\dfrac{4}{x-3}+\dfrac{4}{x-3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{x-1}=\dfrac{4}{x-3}\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-3\right)=4\left(x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-9=4x-4\Rightarrow x=-5\)
b.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{-1;2\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x+1}=\dfrac{3}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{2-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x+1}=\dfrac{4}{2-x}\Leftrightarrow5\left(2-x\right)=4\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10-2x=4x+4\Leftrightarrow6x=6\Rightarrow x=1\)
1c.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\left\{2;5\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)}-\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)}=\dfrac{-3x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-5\right)-x\left(x-2\right)=-3x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-10x=0\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-5\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=5\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2a.
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2-5x+6=x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+9x-2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{1}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
2b.
\(2x^2-6x+1=0\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{7}}{2}\)
a: =>x+3=x-2 hoặc x+3=2-x
=>2x=-1
=>x=-1/2
b: =>3x+7=x-2 hoặc 3x+7=-x+2
=>2x=-9 hoặc 4x=-5
=>x=-5/4 hoặc x=-9/2
c: =>|3x-4|=|2x-5|
=>3x-4=2x-5 hoặc 3x-4=-2x+5
=>x=-1 hoặc x=9/5
Đặt \(2^x-8=u;4^x+13=v\)
Phương trình trở thành \(u^3+v^3=\left(u+v\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow u^3+v^3=u^3+3uv\left(u+v\right)+v^3\)
\(\Rightarrow3uv\left(u+v\right)=0\)
*) \(u=0\Rightarrow2^x-8=0\Rightarrow x=3\)
\(v=0\Rightarrow4^x=-13\)(không tồn tại nghiệm thực)
\(u+v=0\Rightarrow2^x+4^x=-5\)(không tồn tại nghiệm thực)
Vậy nghiệm duy nhất của phương trình là 3