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a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{3}{2}\le x\le4\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=6x-3\left(x+7-2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-10\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=3\left(x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\right)-52\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=x+7+2\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)\left(4-x\right)}\)
Phương trình trở thành:
\(a=3a^2-52\Leftrightarrow3a^2-a-52=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-4\left(l\right)\\a=\frac{13}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{4-x}=\frac{13}{3}\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm nên ko muốn giải tiếp, bạn bình phương lên và chuyển vế thôi :(
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-\frac{1}{4}\le x\le1\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{4x+1}+2\sqrt{1-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=5+4\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}\)
Pt trở thành:
\(a+10\left(\frac{a^2-5}{4}\right)=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5a^2+2a-51=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\a=-\frac{17}{5}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{-4x^2+3x+1}=\frac{a^2-5}{4}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x^2+3x=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\frac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2\right)=12-x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=24-2x\sqrt{2x^2+4}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=a\) ta được:
\(a^2=24-2a\Leftrightarrow a^2+2a-24=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=4\\a=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=4\left(x>0\right)\\x\sqrt{2x^2+4}=-6\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=16\\x^2\left(2x^2+4\right)=36\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^4+2x^2-8=0\\x^4+2x^2-18=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=2\\x^2=-4\left(l\right)\\x^2=\sqrt{19}-1\\x^2=-\sqrt{19}-1\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{2}\\x=-\sqrt{2}< 0\left(l\right)\\x=-\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}\\x=\sqrt{\sqrt{19}-1}>0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
8.
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{9\left(x+3\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}=x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\left(l\right)\\\frac{9}{\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}}=1\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}+\sqrt{3x-2}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x+1}-5+\sqrt{3x-2}-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4\left(x-6\right)}{\sqrt{4x+1}+5}+\frac{3\left(x-6\right)}{\sqrt{3x-2}+4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(\frac{4}{\sqrt{4x+1}+5}+\frac{3}{\sqrt{3x-2}+4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
6.
ĐKXD: ...
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-6x+9\right)+\left(x+5-4\sqrt{x+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-3\right)^2+\frac{\left(x-3\right)^2}{x+5+4\sqrt{x+1}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2\left(2+\frac{1}{x+5+4\sqrt{x+1}}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
7.
\(\sqrt{x-\frac{1}{x}}-\sqrt{2x-\frac{5}{x}}+\frac{4}{x}-x=0\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-\frac{1}{x}}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{2x-\frac{5}{x}}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2=\frac{4}{x}-x\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b+a^2-b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\Leftrightarrow x-\frac{1}{x}=2x-\frac{5}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{4}{x}\Rightarrow x=\pm2\)
Thế nghiệm lại pt ban đầu để thử (hoặc là bạn tìm ĐKXĐ từ đầu)
a/ ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
Đặt \(x+\sqrt{4-x^2}=a\Rightarrow a^2=4+2x\sqrt{4-x^2}\Rightarrow x\sqrt{4-x^2}=\frac{a^2-4}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a-\frac{3\left(a^2-4\right)}{2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3a^2+2a+8=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\a=-\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{4-x^2}=2\\x+\sqrt{4-x^2}=-\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4-x^2}=2-x\\3\sqrt{4-x^2}=-4-3x\left(x\le-\frac{4}{3}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4-x^2=x^2-4x+4\\12\left(4-x^2\right)=9x^2+24x+16\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-4x=0\\21x^2+24x-32=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=2\\x=\frac{-12+4\sqrt{51}}{2}\left(l\right)\\x=\frac{-12-4\sqrt{51}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mấy câu còn lại và bài kia tầm 30ph nữa sẽ làm, bận chút xíu việc
b/ ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{4-x^2}+4+4\right)\left(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}\right)-5=0\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}=a>0\Rightarrow a^2=4+2\sqrt{4-x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+4\right)a-5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+4a-5=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+5\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=1\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4+2\sqrt{4-x^2}=1\Rightarrow2\sqrt{4-x^2}=-3\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
Thật ra bài này có thể biện luận vô nghiệm ngay từ đầu:
\(\sqrt{x+2}+\sqrt{2-x}\ge\sqrt{x+2+2-x}=2\)
\(2\left(\sqrt{4-x^2}+4\right)\ge2.4=8\)
\(\Rightarrow VT>8.2-5=11>0\) nên pt vô nghiệm
a) ĐKXĐ: x\(\ge\)-3
PT\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+7\right)\left(x+3\right)}=3\sqrt{x+3}+2\sqrt{x+7}-6\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x+3},\sqrt{x+7}\right)=\left(a,b\right)\) \(\left(a,b\ge0\right)\)
PT\(\Leftrightarrow ab=3a+2b-6\Leftrightarrow a\left(b-3\right)-2\left(b-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\right)\left(b-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a=2\\b=3\end{cases}}\)(TM ĐK)
TH 1: a=2\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=2\Leftrightarrow x+3=4\Leftrightarrow x=1\)(tm)
TH 2: b=3\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+7}=3\Leftrightarrow x+7=9\Leftrightarrow x=2\)(tm)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S={1; 2}
Điều kiện : \(x\ge1\)
\(3\left(x^2-2\right)+\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}>\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}+3\sqrt{x^2-1}\right)\) \(\Leftrightarrow6\left(x^2-2\right)+\frac{8\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}-2\sqrt{x^2-x}-6\sqrt{x}\sqrt{x^2-1}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}-\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x^2-x}-1\right)^2+2\left(\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x^2-x}+1}+x^2-x-5\right)>0\)
Xét hàm số \(f\left(t\right)=\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{t+1}}+t-5,\left(t\ge0\right)\)
Ta có \(f'\left(t\right)=1-\frac{2\sqrt{2}}{\left(t+1\right)\sqrt{t+1}}\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=0\Leftrightarrow t=1\)
Bảng xét dấu :
| x | 0 1 +\(\infty\) |
| f'(x) | / - 0 + |
Suy ra \(f\left(t\right)\ge f\left(1\right)\), với mọi \(t\in\left[0;+\infty\right]\)\(\Rightarrow\) \(f\left(t\right)\ge0\), với mọi \(t\in\left[0;+\infty\right]\). Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow t=1\)
Do \(x^2-x\ge0\) với mọi \(x\in\left[0;+\infty\right]\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+x^2-x-5\ge0\) với mọi \(x\in\left[0;+\infty\right]\), dấu = xảy ra khi \(x^2-x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Khi đó \(3\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}-\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x^2-1}-1\right)^2+2\left(\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x^2-1}+1}+x^2-x-5\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}\sqrt{x^2-1}-\sqrt{x}\ne0\\\sqrt{x^2-x}-1\ne0\\\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+x^2-x-5\ne0\end{cases}\) \(\Leftrightarrow x\ne\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
Tập nghiệm của bất phương trình đã cho là
\(S=\left(1;+\infty\right)\backslash\left(\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)\)
a/
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}{x^2+3x}+x^2-1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(\frac{x^2+1}{x^2+3x}+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(\frac{2x^2+3x+1}{x^2+3x}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{x\left(x+3\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}{x\left(x+3\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x< -3\\x=-1\\-\frac{1}{2}\le x< 0\\x\ge1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)\left(\frac{-2-2x}{x}\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-2.\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+1\right)}{x}\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)^2}{x}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le-2\\x=-1\\0< x\le1\\x\ge2\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{4\left(x-1\right)-2x}{x\left(x-1\right)}\right)\left(\frac{x^2+1-2x}{x}\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(2x-4\right)\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)^2}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow1< x\le2\)