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\(n_{Pb}=\dfrac{2,07}{207}=0,01mol\)
\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,6}{64}=0,025mol\)
\(PbO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Pb+H_2O\)
0,01 0,01 0,01 ( mol )
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,025 0,025 0,025 ( mol )
\(m_{hh}=m_{PbO}+m_{CuO}=\left(0,01.223\right)+\left(0,025.80\right)=4,23g\)
\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,01+0,025\right).22,4=0,784l\)
\(n_{Pb}=\dfrac{2,07}{207}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,6}{64}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+H_2O\\ Mol:0,01\leftarrow0,01\leftarrow0,01\\ CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ Mol:0,025\leftarrow0,025\leftarrow0,025\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,025.80=2\left(g\right)\\m_{PbO}=0,01.223=2,23\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow m_{oxit}=2+2,23=4,23\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=\left(0,01+0,025\right).22,4=0,784\left(l\right)\)
\(Đặt:n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right);n_{PbO}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,35}{18}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}Cu+H_2O\\ PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}Pb+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80a+223b=8,145\\a+b=0,075\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,06\\b=0,015\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,06.80}{8,145}.100\approx58,932\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{PbO}\approx41,068\%\)
Bài 1:
a) PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+2H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=20\cdot80\%=16\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=20-16=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{hhB}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot56+0,05\cdot64=14,4\left(g\right)\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
a) Vì khối lượng Cu bằng \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) khối lượng Fe
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=\dfrac{26,4}{6+5}\cdot6=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=26,4-14,4=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,4}{64}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9}{28}+0,225=\dfrac{153}{280}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{153}{280}\cdot22,4=12,24\left(l\right)\)
b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{28}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3}{28}\cdot160\approx17,14\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,225\cdot80=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=35,14\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{17,14}{35,14}\cdot100\%\approx48,78\%\\\%m_{CuO}=51,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\) (1)
\(PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+H_2O\) (2)
Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,8}{18}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol của CuO là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O\left(1\right)}=a\)
Gọi số mol của PbO là b \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O\left(2\right)}=b\)
Ta lập được hệ phương trình
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,1\\80a+223b=108,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm
Bạn xem lại đề !!
a) Gọi số mol H2 là x
=> \(n_{H_2O}=x\left(mol\right)\)
Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_A+m_{H_2}=m_B+m_{H_2O}\)
=> 200 + 2x = 156 + 18x
=> x = 2,75 (mol)
=> \(V_{H_2}=2,75.22,4=61,6\left(l\right)\)
b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> 80a + 240a + 102b = 200
=> 320a + 102b = 200
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
a---------------->a
Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
1,5a------------------>3a
=> 64a + 168a + 102b = 156
=> 232a + 102b = 156
=> a = 0,5; b = \(\dfrac{20}{51}\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,5.80}{200}.100\%=20\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,75.160}{200}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{20}{51}.102}{200}.100\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,75}{5}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeO\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{36}{72}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol FeO phản ứng là t (mol)
PTHH: FeO + H2 --to--> Fe + H2O
t--------------->t
=> 56t + (0,5-t).72 = 29,6
=> t = 0,4 (mol)
=> \(H\%=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}.100\%=80\%\)
Fe2O3+3H2-to>2Fe+3H2O
0,05-----0,15------0,1
CuO+H2-to>Cu+H2O
0,05---0,05-----0,05
ta có CuOchiếm 33,3%
=> m CuO=12.\(\dfrac{33,3}{100}\)= 4g
=>n CuO=\(\dfrac{4}{80}\)=0,05 mol
=>m Fe2O3=12-4=8g
->n Fe2O3=\(\dfrac{8}{160}\)=0,05 mol
=>VH2= 0,2.22,4=4,48l
=>m Y=0,1.56+0,05.64=8,8g
Bài 11:
\(a,n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1,6}{160}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cu}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:\\ Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,01 -----> 0,03 ---> 0,02
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,05 ---> 0,05 -> 0,05
\(b,m_{Fe}=0,02.56=1,12\left(g\right)\\ m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=\left(0,03+0,05\right).22,4=1,792\left(l\right)\)
Bài 12:
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O\left(trong.oxit\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe\left(trong.oxit\right)}=\dfrac{8-0,15,16}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ CTHH:Fe_xO_y\\ \Rightarrow x:y=0,1:0,15=2:3\\ CTHH:Fe_2O_3\)
PTHH:CuO+COto→Cu+CO2(1)(1)
PbO+COto→Pb+CO2(2)
Theo(1) nCuO=nCu=1,664=0,025(mol)
mCuO=0,025.80=2g
Theo(2) nPbO=nPb=\(\dfrac{2,07}{207}\)=0,01mol
mPbO=0,01.223=2,23g
b) Theo(1) và (2): ΣnCO=nCu+nPb=0,025+0,01=0,035mol
ΣVCO=0,035.22,4=0,784lit