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PTHH: \(2Al+3Cl_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2AlCl_3\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Clo còn dư, Nhôm p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3Cl2 → 2AlCl3
Ta có: \(n_{Al}\) = 5,4/27 = 0,2 (mol)
\(n_{Cl_2}\) = 11,2/22,4 = 0,5 (mol)
Theo tỉ lệ PTPƯ, ta có: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)< \(\dfrac{0,5}{3}\) => Clo dư, Al phản ứng hết.
Theo PT: nAl = \(n_{AlCl_3}\) = 0,2 (mol)
=> \(m_{AlCl_3}\)= 0,2 . 133,5 = 26,7 (g)
a) $2Al + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2AlCl_3$
b) $n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{Cl_2} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$
$\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2} = 0,3.24,79 = 7,437(lít)$
c) $n_{AlCl_3} = n_{Al} = 0,2(mol)$
$\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3} = 0,2.133,5 = 26,7(gam)$
\(n_K=\dfrac{7,8}{39}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4K+O_2\underrightarrow{to}2K_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\\ \rightarrow O_2dư.\\ n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{2}{4}.n_K=\dfrac{2}{4}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{K_2O}=94.0,1=9,4\left(g\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,2.3}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
a) 2Al + 3Cl2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2AlCl3
Tỉ lệ: 2 : 3 : 2
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
theo PT: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}\times0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{Cl_2}=0,3\times22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo PT: \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\times133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
a, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,05.1,5=0,075\left(mol\right);n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,075}{6}>\dfrac{0,03}{3}\Rightarrow HCldư\\ a,n_{H_2\left(TT\right)}=\dfrac{0,075}{2}=0,0375\left(mol\right)\\ H=\dfrac{0,03}{0,0375}.100\%=80\%\\ b,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,03=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,02.27=0,54\left(g\right)\\ c,m_{AlCl_3}=0,02.133,5=2,67\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,2 0,3
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=n.M=0,2.133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\)
18,25 là số gam của dd mà sao tính đc công thức đấy , dd tính theo công thức n/V thôi chứ .
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2AlCl_3\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{0.2}{2}< \dfrac{0.5}{3}\Rightarrow Cl_2dư\)
\(n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=0.2\cdot133.5=26.7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:2Al+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{to}2AlCl_3\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,5}{3}>\dfrac{0,2}{2}\)
=> Al hết, Cl2 dư
=> \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{Al}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=133,5.0,2=26,7\left(g\right)\)