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\(n_{CO_2}=\frac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\times1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+H_2O+CO_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2\) (2)
Theo (1) thấy \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2\) hết \(\Rightarrow m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\times74=3,7\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2pu}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,05\times22,4=1,12\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,672}{22,4}=0,03mol\\ CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,03mol\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,03.100=3g\\ b.V_{ddCa\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,03}{1,5}=0,02l\)
Bài 1 :
$n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{3,136}{22,4} = 0,14(mol)$
$n_{Ca(OH)_2} = 0,8.0,1 = 0,08(mol)$
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 → CaCO3 + H2O
0,08.......0,08...........0,08........................(mol)
CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O → Ca(HCO3)2
0,06........0,06........................................(mol)
Suy ra : $m_{CaCO_3} = (0,08 - 0,06).100 = 2(gam)$
Bài 2 :
$n_{CO_2} = \dfrac{2,24}{22,4} = 0,1(mol) ; n_{NaOH} = 0,1.1,5 = 0,15(mol)$
2NaOH + CO2 → Na2CO3 + H2O
0,15........0,075.......0,075....................(mol)
Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O → 2NaHCO3
0,025........0,025...................0,05..............(mol)
Suy ra:
$C_{M_{NaHCO_3}} = \dfrac{0,05}{0,1} = 0,5M$
$C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}} = \dfrac{0,075 - 0,025}{0,1} = 0,5M$
b)
$NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = n_{NaOH} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,15.36,5}{25\%} = 21,9(gam)$
Bài1:
nCO2= 1.344/22.4=0.06(mol)
nCa(OH)2=1×0.5=0.5(mol)
a)CO2+Ca(OH)2 ->CaCO3+ H2O
nCaCO3=0.06(mol)
b)mCaCO3= 0.06×100=6(g)
ZnO+ 2HCl----->ZnCl2+H2O
Al2O3+6HCl------->2AlCl3+3H2O
nHCl=2.0,25=0,5 mol
Gọi nZnO=x, nAl2O3=y
---->nZnO=2nHCl=2x mol
------>nAl2O3=6nHCl=6y mol
ta có hệ phương trình 81x+102y=13,2
2x+6y=0,5
-----x=0,1 mol,y=0,05 mol
mZnO=0,1.81=8,1 g
---->%mZnO=8,1.100/13,2=61,36%
%mAl2O3=100-61,36=38,64%
nZnO=nZnCl2=0,1 mol
mZnCl2=0,1.136=13,6 g
nAl2O3=2nAlCl3=0,1 mol
mAlCl3=0,1.133,5=13,35g
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=150.12\%=18g\)
\(n_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{18}{60}=0,3mol\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
0,3 0,15 0,3 0,15 ( mol )
\(m_{ddNa_2CO_3}=\left(0,15.106\right):10,6\%=150g\)
\(V_{CO_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36l\)
\(m_{CH_3COONa}=0,3.82=24,6g\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=150+150-0,15.44=293,4g\)
\(C\%_{CH_3COONa}=\dfrac{24,6}{293,4}.100=8,28\%\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\\ n_{O_2}=3.0,4=1,2\left(mol\right);n_{CO_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ a,V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=22,4.1,2=26,88\left(l\right)\\ b,V_{kk\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{100}{20}.26,88=134,4\left(l\right)\\ c,CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+H_2O\\ n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ m_{kết.tủa}=m_{CaCO_3}=100.0,8=80\left(g\right)\)
1a) \(n_{CO_2}=0,14\left(mol\right);n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,08\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=0,16\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{n_{OH^-}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,16}{0,14}=1,14\) => Tạo 2 muối
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2CO_2\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
b) Gọi x, y là số mol Ca(HCO3)2 và CaCO3
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,08\\2x+y=0,14\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x=0,06 ; y=0,02
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,02.100=2\left(g\right)\)
c) \(CM_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,8}=0,075M\)
2. a) Bảo toàn nguyên tố C : \(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{KOH}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Lập T = \(\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,25}=2\) => Tạo 1 muối K2CO3, các chất phản ứng hết
b) \(m_{K_2CO_3}=0,25.138=34,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=C_M\cdot V=1\cdot0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Nhận xét: \(1< \dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,06}{0,05}< 2\rightarrow\) Phương trình tạo ra 2 muối
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CaCO_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaHCO_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) và x; y > 0
a) PHTT
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 \(\rightarrow\) CaCO3
CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O \(\rightarrow\) Ca(HCO3)2
b)
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 \(\rightarrow\) CaCO3
x \(\leftarrow\) x \(\leftarrow\) x (mol)
Ca(OH)2 + 2CO2 \(\rightarrow\) Ca(HCO3)2
y \(\leftarrow\) 2y \(\leftarrow\) y (mol)
Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,05\\x+2y=0,06\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04\left(mol\right)\\y=0,01\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhận xét, \(n_{CaCO_3\left(ht\right)}=n_{Ca\left(HCO_3\right)_2}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CaCO_3\left(ht\right)}=n\cdot M=0,01\cdot100=1\left(g\right)\)
c)
Để kết tủa cực đại thì
\(\dfrac{n_{CO_2}}{n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}}=1\Leftrightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=n\cdot22,4=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(a)n_{CO2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,05.1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\dfrac{n_{CO2}}{n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}}=1,2\Rightarrow\)Tạo 2 muối
\(CO2+Ca\left(OH\right)2\rightarrow CaCO3+H2O\)
0,05-------<0,05(mol)
\(CO2+CaCO3+H2O\rightarrow Ca\left(HCO3\right)2\)
0,01-------->0,01(mol)
\(b)m_{CaCO3}=0,01.100=1\left(g\right)\)
c) Để đạt kết tủa cực tại thì\(\dfrac{n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}}{n_{CO2}}=2\)
Mà \(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CO2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO2}=0,025.22,4=0,56\left(l\right)\)