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\(C_2H_5OH+K_2CO_3\rightarrow\left(kopứ\right)\)
\(2CH_3COOH+K_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COOK+CO_2+H_2O\)
2 1 2 1 1 (mol)
0,4 0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2 (mol)
\(nCO_2=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(mCH_3COOH=0,4.60=24\left(g\right)\)
\(mK_2CO_3=0,2.138=27,6\left(g\right)\)
\(mCH_3COOK=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
\(mCO_2=0,2.44=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(mdd=mCH_3COOH+mK_2CO_3+mCH_3COOK-mCO_2\)
\(=24+27,6+39,2-8,8=82\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{24.100}{82}=29,27\%\)
\(C\%m_{K_2CO_3}=\dfrac{27,6.100}{82}=33,66\%\)
câu thứ 2 bn tự lm cho bt:>
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CH_3COOH+Na\rightarrow CH_3COONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,1 0,1
\(C_2H_5OH+Na\rightarrow C_2H_5ONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\)
0,1 0,1
Theo pthh có: \(n_A=2nH_2=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi x, y là số mol của rượu và axit có trong hh A.
có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0,2\\60x+46y=10,6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> x = y = 0,1
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%_{m_{CH_3COOH}}=\dfrac{60.0,1.100}{10,6}=56,6\%\\\%_{m_{C_2H_5OH}}=100-56,6=43,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{muối}=m_{CH_3COONa}+m_{C_2H_5ONa}=82.0,1+68.0,1=15\left(g\right)\)
100 - 56,6 sao bằng 43,4%
Xem lại đơn vị
a.b.\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25mol\)
\(2CH_3COOH+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow2CH_3COONa+CO_2+H_2O\)
0,5 0,25 ( mol )
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=0,5.60=30g\)
\(\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{30}{45}.100=66,67\%\)
\(\%m_{C_2H_5OH}=100\%-66,67\%=33,33\%\)
c.\(m_{NaOH}=50.20\%=10g\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{10}{40}=0,25mol\)
\(2NaOH+CO_2\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{0,25}{2}\) < \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}\) ( mol )
0,25 0,125 ( mol )
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,125.106=13,25g\)
a)
2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
b) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,5<-----------------------------------0,25
=> mCH3COOH = 0,5.60 = 30 (g)
=> mC2H5OH = 45 - 30 = 15 (g)
c) \(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{50.20\%}{40}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,25}=1\) => Tạo muối NaHCO3
PTHH: NaOH + CO2 --> NaHCO3
0,25-------------->0,25
=> mNaHCO3 = 0,25.84 = 21 (g)
\(2CH_3COOH+CaCO_3\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Ca+CO_2+H_2O\)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CH_3COOH}=2n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,2.60}{21,2}.100\%\approx56,6\%\\\%m_{C_2H_5OH}\approx43,4\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Đặt:n_{C_2H_5OH}=a\left(mol\right);n_{CH_3COOH}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ a,PTHH:C_2H_5OH+Na\rightarrow C_2H_5ONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ CH_3COOH+Na\rightarrow CH_3COONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ n_{H_2\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ b,Ta.lập.hpt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}46a+60b=10,6\\0,5a+0,5b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \%m_{C_2H_5OH}=\dfrac{0,1.46}{10,6}.100\approx43,396\%\\\Rightarrow\%m_{CH_3COOH}\approx100\%-43,396\%\approx56,604\%\)
2NA+2CH3COOH-->2CH3COONA+H2
2NA+2C2H5OH--->2C2H5ONA+H2
ta có n H2=4,48/22,4=0,2 mol
gọi x là số mol của CH3COOH
y là số mol của C2H5OH
theo pt ta có hệ sau
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{2}y=0,2\\60x+46y=21,2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
suy ra mc2h5oh=0,2*46=9,2 g suy ra %C2H5OH=43.4%
%CH3COOH=56,6%
c2h5oh+na2co3-
2ch3cooh+ na2co3-> 2ch3coona+h2o+co2
nCO2=2,24/22,4=0,1
nCh3cooh=2nCO2 =2*0,1=0,2mol
mCH3COOH=0,2*60=12g
mc2h5oh=30,4-12=18,4
%mCH3COOH=12/30,4*100=39,5%
%mC2H5OH=18,4/30,4*100=60,5%
2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
nCO2= 2.24/22.4=0.1 (mol)
Từ PTHH :
nCH3COOH= 0.2 (mol)
mCH3COOH= 0.2*60=12g
mC2H5OH= 30.4-12=18.4g
%mCH3COOH= 12/30.48*100%=39.47%
%mC2H5OH= 100-39.47=60.53%