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a, (n+3)2-(n-1)2
= n2+6n+9-n2+2n-1
= 8n + 8
= 8(n+1) chia hết cho 8
+ Ta có : \(n^5-n=n\left(n^2-1\right)\left(n^2+1\right)\)
\(=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-4+5\right)\)
\(=\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)+5\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\)
+ \(\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\)là tích 5 số nguyên liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n-2\right)\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)+5\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)⋮5\)
\(\Rightarrow n^5-n⋮5\)
+ \(n^3-n=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)⋮3\)
\(B=\frac{n^5-n}{5}+\frac{n^3-n}{3}+\frac{7n}{15}+\frac{n}{5}+\frac{n}{3}\)
\(=\frac{n^5-n}{5}+\frac{n^3-n}{3}+\frac{15n}{15}\)
=> B là số nguyên
\(A=\frac{n^5+10n^4+35n^3+50n^2+24n}{120}\) \(=\frac{n\left[n^3\left(n+1\right)+9n^2\left(n+1\right)+26n\left(n+1\right)+24\left(n+1\right)\right]}{120}\)
\(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left[n^3+9n^2+26n+24\right]}{120}\) \(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left[n^2\left(n+2\right)+7n\left(n+2\right)+12\left(n+2\right)\right]}{120}\)
\(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n^2+7n+12\right)}{120}\) \(=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)}{120}\)
+ \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)\)là tích 5 số nguyên liên tiếp\
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮3\\n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮5\end{matrix}\right.\) (1)
+ trong 5 số nguyên liên tiếp tồn tại ít nhất 2 số chẵn liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮8\) ( do tích 2 số chẵn liên tiếp chia hết cho 8 ) (2)
+ Từ (1) và (2) => \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+4\right)⋮120\)
=> đpcm
+ \(C=\frac{n^3+3n^2+2n}{24}=\frac{n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)}{24}\)
+ \(n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\) là tích 3 số nguyên liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮3\) (3)
+ n và n + 2 là 2 số chẵn liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow n\left(n+2\right)⋮8\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮8\) (4)
+ Từ (3) và (4) \(\Rightarrow n\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)⋮24\)
=> C là số nguyên
Từ giả thiết: \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{b}{c}\Rightarrow ac=b^2\Rightarrow abc=b^3\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a^3-2b^3+c^3}{a+b+c}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3c^3}{a+b+c}=\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{a+b+c}\)
Xét: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3-2b^3+c^3}{a+b+c}=a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\) là 1 số nguyên (đpcm)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}\)
\(>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+c+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}=1\)
Tương tự ta cũng chứng minh được \(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{d}{c+d}+\frac{a}{d+a}>1\)
mà \(\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{c}{b+c}+\frac{d}{c+d}+\frac{a}{d+a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{a+b}{a+b}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{c+d}{c+d}+\frac{d+a}{d+a}=4\)
\(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}\)là số nguyên
do đó \(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+d}+\frac{d}{d+a}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\frac{a}{a+b}-\frac{b}{b+c}+1-\frac{c}{c+d}-\frac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b}{a+b}-\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{d}{c+d}-\frac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)-d\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)(vì \(a\ne c\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-d\right)\left(ac-bd\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac=bd\)(vì \(b\ne d\))
Khi đó \(abcd=ac.ac=\left(ac\right)^2\)là số chính phương.
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=0\)
Xét : \(a^3+b^3+c^3=\left(a+b+c\right)^3-3\left(a+b\right).\left(b+c\right).\left(c+a\right)=-3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\) luôn chia hết cho 3
ta co :
\(\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\)>=\(\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\frac{3}{ab+a+b+1}\)>=\(\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\frac{3}{ab+2}\)>=\(\frac{3}{4}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{ab+2}\)>=\(\frac{1}{4}\)
=>4>=ab+2
=>2>=ab
=>2>=a(1-a) (vi a+b=1)
=>2>=a-a^2
=>a^2-a+2>=0
=>(a-\(\frac{1}{2}\))^2+\(\frac{7}{4}\)>=0 luon dung
=>\(\frac{1}{a+1}\)+\(\frac{1}{b+1}\)>=\(\frac{3}{4}\)
a,b dương áp dụng bđt svac xơ \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+1+b+1}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Đề sai à bạn
quy dong ta duoc a(a^4 - 5a^2 +4) = a(a^2 - 1)(a^2 - 4) = (a-2)(a-1)a(a+1)(a+2) chia het cho 120 voi a nguyen
\(\frac{a^5}{120}-\frac{a^3}{24}+\frac{a}{30}\)
\(=\frac{a}{6}.\left(\frac{a^4}{20}-\frac{a^2}{4}+\frac{a}{5}\right)=\frac{a}{6}.\left(\frac{a^4}{20}-\frac{5a^2}{20}+\frac{4a}{20}\right)\)
\(=\frac{a}{6}.\left(\frac{a^4-5a^2+4a}{20}\right)=\frac{a^5-5a^3+4a^2}{120}=\frac{a^2.\left(a^3-5a+4\right)}{120}=\frac{a.\left(a^2-1\right).\left(a^2-4\right)}{120}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-2\right).\left(a-1\right).a.\left(a+1\right).\left(a+1\right)}{120}\)
vì a thuộc Z => \(=\frac{\left(a-2\right).\left(a-1\right).a.\left(a+1\right).\left(a+1\right)}{120}\)thuộc Z
=> đpcm