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1)Áp dụng bđt AM-GM:
\(2\left(ab+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)=\left(ab+\frac{a}{b}\right)+\left(ab+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge a+b+1."="\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
2) Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có: \(a+\frac{1}{a-1}=a-1+1+\frac{1}{a-1}\ge2\sqrt{\left(a-1\right).\frac{1}{a-1}}+1=3\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=2\)
3) Áp dụng bđt AM-GM:
\(2\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)=\left(\frac{ab}{c}+\frac{bc}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{ac}{b}+\frac{ab}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{bc}{a}+\frac{ac}{b}\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Cộng theo vế và rg => ddpcm. Dấu bằng khi a=b=c
Giả sử \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge a^3b+ab^3+2a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4-a^3b-ab^3-2a^2b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4-a^3b\right)-\left(ab^3-b^4\right)+\left(a^4-2a^2b^2+b^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge0\) \(\forall a;b\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(a^2-ab+b^2=\left(a^2-2.a.\frac{b}{2}+\frac{b^2}{4}\right)+\frac{3b^2}{4}\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{b}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\) \(\forall a;b\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge a^3b+ab^3+2a^2b^2\forall a;b\)
Vậy \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge a^3b+ab^3+2a^2b^2\) với mọi a;b
\(2\left(1+abc\right)+\sqrt{2\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)}\)
\(=2\left(1+abc\right)+\sqrt{\left[\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(1-a\right)^2\right]\left[\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(bc-1\right)^2\right]}\)
\(\ge2\left(1+abc\right)+\left(a+1\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(1-a\right)\left(bc-1\right)\)
\(=\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\)
\(2\left(1+abc\right)+\sqrt{2\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)\left(1+c^2\right)}.\)
\(=2\left(1+abc\right)+\sqrt{\left[\left(a+1\right)^2+\left(1-a\right)^2\right]\left[\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(bc-1\right)^2\right]}\)
\(\ge2\left(1+abc\right)+\left(a+1\right)\left(b+c\right)+\left(1-a\right)\left(bc-1\right)\)
\(=\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\)
\(1.\) Gỉa sử : \(\sqrt{25-16}< \sqrt{25}-\sqrt{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3< 1\) ( Vô lý )
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{25-16}>\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{16}\)
\(2.\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}< \sqrt{a-b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2< a-b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-2\sqrt{ab}+b< a-b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2b-2\sqrt{ab}< 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(b-\sqrt{ab}\right)< 0\)
Ta có :\(a>b\Leftrightarrow ab>b^2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{ab}>b\)
\(\RightarrowĐpcm.\)
\(2a.\) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(a;b\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{2}\ge\sqrt{ab}\)
\(b.\) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương , ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xy}}\left(x,y>0\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{yz}}\left(y,z>0\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{xz}}\left(x,z>0\right)\left(3\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , ta được :
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xy}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{yz}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{xz}}\)
\(3a.\sqrt{x-4}=a\left(a\in R\right)\left(x\ge4;a\ge0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4=a^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=a^2+4\left(TM\right)\)
\(3b.\sqrt{x+4}=x+2\left(x\ge-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+4=x^2+4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(TM\right)\\x=-3\left(KTM\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
KL....
Bài này ngược dấu hay sao ý:
Ta dự đoán dấu "=" xảy ra tại a = b = c =1
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(VT=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{9}{a+2b}\) (1)
Ta có: \(a^2+1\ge2a;2b^2+2\ge4b\Rightarrow a^2+2b^2+3=3c^2+3\ge2\left(a+2b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3c^2+3}{2}\ge a+2b\).Suy ra:\(\frac{9}{a+2b}\ge\frac{18}{3c^2+3}=\frac{6}{c^2+1}\) (2)
Ta sẽ c/m: \(\frac{6}{c^2+1}\ge\frac{3}{c}\).Ta có: \(VT=\frac{6}{c^2+1}=6\left(1-\frac{c^2}{c^2+1}\right)=6-\frac{6c^2}{c^2+1}\ge6-\frac{6c^2}{2c}=6-3c\) (3)
Ta sẽ c/m: \(6-3c\ge\frac{3}{c}\Leftrightarrow3c+\frac{3}{c}\le6\).Mặt khác,theo AM-GM
\(3c+\frac{3}{c}\ge2.\sqrt{3c.\frac{3}{c}}=2.3=6\Rightarrow\) mâu thuẫn?
\(\dfrac{2}{a+2}+\dfrac{2}{b+2}+\dfrac{2}{c+2}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{a+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{b+2}-1+\dfrac{2}{c+2}-1\ge2-3\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{a}{a+2}+\dfrac{b}{b+2}+\dfrac{c}{c+2}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2a}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2b}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+2a+b^2+2b+c^2+2c}\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
Phía trên thoả mãn \(\ge1\) chứ không phải 3/2 đâu ạ
a/ Biến đổi tương đương:
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2-3ab+3b^2\ge a^2+ab+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
b/ \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge a-\frac{ab\left(a+b\right)}{3\sqrt[3]{a^2.ab.b^2}}=a-\frac{a+b}{3}=\frac{2a}{3}-\frac{b}{3}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}\ge\frac{2b}{3}-\frac{c}{3}\) ; \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\ge\frac{2c}{3}-\frac{a}{3}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+1-ab-a-b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2-2ab-2a-2b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt đã đc chứng minh