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c) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-schwars ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+b\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)
đpcm
a) \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
<=> \(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^4+b^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\) với mọi a, b
Vậy \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b
b) \(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)(1)
<=> \(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge ab^3+ac^3+ba^3+bc^3+ca^3+cb^3\)
<=> \(\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\left(b^4+c^4\right)+\left(c^4+a^4\right)\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+ac\left(a^2+c^2\right)\) đúng áp dụng câu a
Vậy (1) đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c.
BĐT tương đương với :
\(3a^4+3b^4+3c^4-\left(a^4+a^3b+a^3c+b^4+ab^3+b^3c+ac^3+bc^3+c^4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3\right)+\left(b^4+c^4-b^3c-bc^3\right)+\left(a^4+c^4-a^3c-ac^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)+\left(a-c\right)^2\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)\ge0\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(3a^4+3b^4+3c^4\ge a^4+b^4+c^4+ab^3+bc^3+ca^3+a^3b+b^3c+c^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4-ab^3-bc^3-ca^3-a^3b-b^3c-c^3a\ge0\)
Theo AM - GM ta dễ có:
\(a^4+a^4+a^4+b^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{a^{12}b^4}=4a^3b\)
\(b^4+b^4+b^4+c^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{b^{12}c^4}=4b^3c\)
\(c^4+c^4+c^4+a^4\ge4\sqrt[4]{c^{12}a^4}=4c^3a\)
Cộng vế theo vế ta có đpcm
a.
\(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4\ge a^4+ab^3+a^3b+b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4\ge ab^3+a^3b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)(*)
Mà \(a^2+ab+b^2=\left(a^2+2\cdot a\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\)
Suy ra (*) đúng => đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b
b.
\(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^4+3b^4+3c^4\ge a^4+ab^3+ac^3+a^3b+b^4+bc^3+a^3c+b^3c+c^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^4+2b^4+2c^4\ge ab^3+a^3b+b^3c+bc^3+ca^3+c^3a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\left(b^4+c^4\right)+\left(c^4+a^4\right)\ge\left(a^3b+ab^3\right)+\left(b^3c+bc^3\right)+\left(c^3a+ca^3\right)\)
Theo câu a. thì điều này đúng
Dấu "=" khi a=b=c
(a+b+c)(a3+b3+c3)
=a4+a3b+a3c+ab3+b4+b3c+ac3+bc3+c4
=a4+b4+c4+(a3b+ab3)+(bc3+b3c)+(c3a+ca3)
=a4+b4+c4+ab(a2+b2)+bc(b2+c2)+ca(c2+a2)
=(a4+b4+c4)+ab(a2+b2)+bc(b2+c2)+ca(c2+a2)
P/s đến đây bạn áp đụng bđt thức bunhi a là ra
(a+b+c) (a3+b3+c3)
=a4+a3b+a3c+ab3+b4+b3c+ac3+bc3+c4
=a4+b4+c4+(a3b+ab3)+(bc3+b3c)+(c3a+ca3)
=a4+b4+c4+ab(a2+b2)+bc(b2+c2)+ca(c2+a2)
=(a4+b4+c4)+ab(a2+b2)+bc(b2+c2)+ca(c2+a2)
1. BĐT tương đương với \(6\left(a^2+b^2\right)-2ab+8-4\left(a\sqrt{b^2+1}+b\sqrt{a^2+1}\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[a^2-4a\sqrt{b^2+1}+4\left(b^2+1\right)\right]+\left[b^2-4b\sqrt{a^2+1}+4\left(a^2+1\right)\right]\)\(+\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2\sqrt{b^2+1}\right)^2+\left(b-2\sqrt{a^2+1}\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
=> Đẳng thức không xảy ra
2. \(a^4+b^4+c^2+1\ge2a\left(ab^2-a+c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^2+1\ge2a^2b^2-2a^2+2ac+2a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^4-2a^2b^2+b^4\right)+\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Câu 1:
Ta có: \(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2^2}-ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\ge ab\) (1)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2-2b^2-a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2-2ab-b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{4}\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow ab\le\left(\dfrac{a+b}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\)
5 , a3+b3+c3\(\ge\) 3abc
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a3+3a2b+3ab2+b3+c3-3a2b-3ab2-3abc\(\ge\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc+c2)-3ab(a+b+c) \(\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ca)\(\ge0\) (1)
ta co : a,b,c>0 \(\Rightarrow\)a+b+c>0 (2)
(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2\(\ge0\)
<=> 2a2+2b2+2c2-2ac-2cb-2ab\(\ge0\)
<=>a2+b2+c2-ab-bc-ac\(\ge\) 0 (3)
Từ (1)(2)(3)=> pt luôn đúng
a ) CM : \(a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+b^3a\)
Giả sử điều cần c/m là đúng
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4-a^3b-b^3a\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^3-b^3\right)\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\a^2+ab+b^2=\left(a+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3b^2}{4}\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4-a^3b-b^3a\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+b^3a\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge a^4+a^3b+b^4+b^3a\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(\left(đpcm\right)\)
b ) \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
\(=a^4+a^3b+a^3c+b^3a+b^4+b^3c+c^3a+c^3b+c^4\)
\(=\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)+\left(a^3b+b^3a\right)+\left(b^3c+c^3b\right)+\left(a^3c+c^3a\right)\)
CMTT như a ) : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+b^3a\\b^4+c^4\ge b^3c+c^3b\\a^4+c^4\ge a^3c+c^3a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge a^3b+b^3a+b^3c+c^3b+a^3c+c^3a\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge a^4+b^4+c^4+a^3b+b^3a+b^3c+c^3b+a^3c+c^3a\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)